<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"></head><body style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><font face="Gill Sans" size="4" class="">Good morning all,</font><div style="text-align: start;" class=""><span style="text-align: right;" class=""> </span><span style="text-align: right;" class=""><font color="#333333" face="Gill Sans" size="4" class="">I hope everything is well,…I’m staying super busy with home, yard, and car projects, swimming, and gym... a</font></span><span style="text-align: right;" class=""><font color="#333333" face="Gill Sans" size="4" class="">s well as corresponding with so many kids around the world…it is about 4 hours every </font></span><font color="#333333" face="Gill Sans" size="4" class="">morning and 4 hours every evening but if they take the time to write to me, I will find the time to reply…so many struggle...as teachers I am sure you see it, as parents I know you are aware of it although I think many kids hide it…so many have such lofty dreams in spite of very limited opportunities and no financial support. I admire them…encourage them, try to give them confidence, and help them to believe in themselves…I really am in awe of their determination…I have met them at school presentations, so they feel they know me as a friend, which is my goal<span style="caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" class="">…</span></font></div><div style="text-align: start;" class=""><font color="#333333" face="Gill Sans" size="4" class=""><br class=""></font></div><div style="text-align: start;" class=""><font color="#333333" face="Gill Sans" size="4" class=""> It is so crazy, many teachers in the USA are back to school this week, kids, next week…Florida is definitely having issues with the Delta Variant, we have recently had the worst day ever for new cases…there are no mask mandates, no social distancing…I am not sure what individual schools will do…the beginning of July, we were doing fantastic…since then, it has been getting worse every day…so many people refuse the vaccine…it seems much of the world is also struggling to gain control…I am not sure when it will be possible to return to school visits…if any one, in any country has any idea…please let me know… :-)</font></div><div style="text-align: start;" class=""><br class=""></div><div style="text-align: start;" class=""><font color="#333333" face="Gill Sans" size="4" class="">The space program continues to go forward…commercial ventures taking people "to space”…I’m ready :-) :-) I hope you shared with Wally Funk as she lived her dream, 60 years later…a major step in commercial travel to the ISS was supposed to happen on Friday but a mishap with a Russian supply ship delayed the Boeing Starliner check out trip to the ISS for Astronauts<span style="caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" class="">…</span></font></div><div style="text-align: start;" class=""><span style="font-family: "Gill Sans"; font-size: large;" class=""><br class=""></span></div><div style="text-align: start;" class=""><font size="4" class=""><span style="font-family: "Gill Sans";" class="">W</span><span style="font-family: "Gill Sans"; color: rgb(5, 5, 5); background-color: white;" class="">e have to stay positive and always be thankful…</span><font face="Gill Sans" class=""> remembering to do our best, enjoy everything we do,
believe in ourselves, and let those we care about most know (I always say this,
we all need to take it to heart) …hugs & smiles… :-) :-)</font><span style="font-family: "Gill Sans";" class=""> </span><span style="font-family: "Gill Sans";" class=""> STAY SAFE, TAKE CARE, Love
ya, Gabe</span></font></div><div style="text-align: start;" class=""><font color="#333333" face="Gill Sans" size="4" class=""><br class=""></font></div><div style="text-align: start;" class=""><font color="#333333" face="Gill Sans" size="4" class=""><br class=""></font></div><div style="text-align: start;" class=""><font face="Gill Sans" size="5" color="#ff2600" class="">TWO GREAT LINKS</font></div><div style="text-align: start;" class=""><font color="#333333" face="Gill Sans" size="4" class="">Let NASA bring the Universe to Your Home: </font><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: "Gill Sans"; font-size: large;" class=""><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/specials/nasaathome/index.html" class="">https://www.nasa.gov/specials/nasaathome/index.html</a></span></div><div style="text-align: start;" class=""><font color="#333333" face="Gill Sans" size="4" class=""><span style="caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" class="">The Solar System and Beyond: <a href="https://www.nasa.gov/topics/solarsystem/index.html" class="">https://www.nasa.gov/topics/solarsystem/index.html</a></span></font></div><div style="text-align: start;" class=""><font color="#333333" face="Gill Sans" size="4" class=""><span style="caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" class=""><br class=""></span></font></div><div style="text-align: start;" class=""><font face="Gill Sans" class=""><span style="caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" class=""><font size="5" color="#ff2600" class="">THE LATEST FROM MARS</font><font size="4" style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" class="">: <a href="https://www.jpl.nasa.gov" class="">https://www.jpl.nasa.gov</a> </font></span></font></div><div style="text-align: start;" class=""><font face="Gill Sans" class=""><span style="caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" class=""><font size="4" style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" class=""><br class=""></font></span></font></div><div style="text-align: start;" class=""><div class="title-bar" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 2em 0px; caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); color: rgb(51, 51, 51);"><div class="title-wrap" style="box-sizing: border-box; width: 532.203125px; padding: 0px;"><h1 class="title" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; line-height: 1.1; color: inherit;"><span style="font-size: 36px;" class="">NASA Updates Coverage, Invites Public to Virtually Join Starliner Launch </span></h1></div></div><section id="ember32" class="opened collapsible ember-view" style="box-sizing: border-box; max-height: none; overflow-y: hidden; caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);"><div class="text" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="type-image dnd-atom-wrapper context-full_width" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; display: table; margin: 0px auto 2em;"><div class="dnd-drop-wrapper" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/thumbnails/image/51344290465_6e8fea6af6_k.jpg" style="box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(66, 139, 202);" class=""><font face="Gill Sans" class=""><img typeof="foaf:Image" alt="A United Launch Alliance Atlas V rocket with Boeing’s CST-100 Starliner spacecraft onboard is seen on the launch pad at Space Launch Complex 41." title="" style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; vertical-align: middle; max-width: 100%; margin-bottom: 10px;" apple-inline="yes" id="FECED382-3800-4399-84C5-CCD5008A3408" src="cid:19DC1762-3E44-4065-AB9D-03F4F93364CD" class=""></font></a></div><div class="dnd-legend-wrapper" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="caption" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><font face="Gill Sans" class=""><font class="">A United Launch Alliance Atlas V rocket with Boeing’s CST-100 Starliner</font> spacecraft onboard is seen on the launch pad at Space Launch Complex 41.</font></div><div class="credits" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;"><font face="Gill Sans" class="">Credits: NASA/Joel Kowsky</font></div><div class="link" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-image: inherit; background-size: inherit; background-attachment: inherit; background-origin: inherit; background-clip: inherit; padding: 0px; background-position: inherit; background-repeat: inherit;"><font face="Gill Sans" size="4" class=""><a href="" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(66, 139, 202);" class=""></a></font></div></div></div><p style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 15px; -webkit-font-smoothing: inherit; line-height: 1.4em;" class=""><font face="Gill Sans" size="4" class="">NASA will provide coverage of the upcoming prelaunch, launch, and docking activities for the agency’s Boeing Orbital Flight Test-2 (OFT-2) mission to the <a href="https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/station/main/index.html" style="box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(66, 139, 202);" class="">International Space Station</a>. OFT-2 is the second uncrewed flight for Boeing’s CST-100 Starliner spacecraft as part of the agency’s <a href="https://www.nasa.gov/exploration/commercial/crew/index.html" style="box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(66, 139, 202);" class="">Commercial Crew Program</a>. The mission is targeted to launch at 1:20 p.m. EDT Tuesday, Aug. 3</font></p><div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 15px; -webkit-font-smoothing: inherit; line-height: 1.4em;" class=""><font face="Gill Sans" size="4" class="">Starliner will launch on a United Launch Alliance Atlas V rocket from Space Launch Complex-41 at Cape Canaveral Space Force Station in Florida. About 30 minutes after launch, Starliner will perform its orbital insertion burn to begin its daylong trip to the space station. The spacecraft is scheduled to dock to the space station at 1:37 p.m. Wednesday, Aug. 4. Launch and docking coverage will air live on NASA Television, the <a href="https://www.nasa.gov/nasaapp" style="box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(66, 139, 202);" class="">NASA app</a>, and the agency’s <a href="http://www.nasa.gov/live" style="box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(66, 139, 202);" class="">website</a>.</font></div><div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 15px; -webkit-font-smoothing: inherit; line-height: 1.4em;" class=""><font face="Gill Sans" size="4" class="">The spacecraft will carry more than 400 pounds of NASA cargo and crew supplies to the space station. It will return to Earth with more than 550 pounds of cargo, including the reusable Nitrogen Oxygen Recharge System tanks that provide breathable air to station crew members.</font></div><div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 15px; -webkit-font-smoothing: inherit; line-height: 1.4em;" class=""><font face="Gill Sans" size="4" class="">OFT-2 will demonstrate the end-to-end capabilities of the Starliner spacecraft and Atlas V rocket, from launch, to docking, to a return to Earth with a desert landing in the western United States. The uncrewed mission will provide valuable data toward NASA certifying Boeing’s crew transportation system for regular flights to and from the space station.</font></div><div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 15px; -webkit-font-smoothing: inherit; line-height: 1.4em;" class=""><font face="Gill Sans" size="4" class="">The deadline has passed for media accreditation for in-person coverage of this launch. More information about media accreditation is available by emailing: <a href="mailto:ksc-media-accreditat@mail.nasa.gov" style="box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(66, 139, 202);" class="">ksc-media-accreditat@mail.nasa.gov</a>.</font></div><div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 15px; -webkit-font-smoothing: inherit; line-height: 1.4em;" class=""><font face="Gill Sans" size="4" class="">NASA has updated its coronavirus (COVID-19) policies to remain consistent with new Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) <a href="https://gcc02.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cdc.gov%2Fcoronavirus%2F2019-ncov%2Fvaccines%2Ffully-vaccinated-guidance.html&data=04%7C01%7Cjennifer.wolfinger%40nasa.gov%7C64afa1380e2a4518a86308d94245c241%7C7005d45845be48ae8140d43da96dd17b%7C0%7C0%7C637613689633650568%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJWIjoiMC4wLjAwMDAiLCJQIjoiV2luMzIiLCJBTiI6Ik1haWwiLCJXVCI6Mn0%3D%7C1000&sdata=vS2bsd2X8LwjtN2V6%2FXIoBqSI0W%2FnFi3gqu4rbKMppA%3D&reserved=0" target="_BLANKɄ" title="//www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/vaccines/fully-vaccinated-guidance.html Click to follow link." style="box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(66, 139, 202);" class="">guidance</a>. Credentialed media will receive additional details from the media operations team at NASA’s Kennedy Space Center in Florida.</font></div><div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 15px; -webkit-font-smoothing: inherit; line-height: 1.4em;" class=""><font face="Gill Sans" size="4" class="">NASA’s Boeing OFT-2 mission coverage is as follows (all times Eastern):</font></div><div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 15px; -webkit-font-smoothing: inherit; line-height: 1.4em;" class=""><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;" class=""><font face="Gill Sans" size="4" class="">Tuesday, Aug. 3</font></strong></div><div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 15px; -webkit-font-smoothing: inherit; line-height: 1.4em;" class=""><font face="Gill Sans" size="4" class="">12:30 p.m. – NASA TV launch coverage begins for a targeted 1:20 p.m. liftoff. NASA TV will have continuous coverage through Starliner orbital insertion.</font></div><div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 15px; -webkit-font-smoothing: inherit; line-height: 1.4em;" class=""><font face="Gill Sans" size="4" class="">3:30 p.m. (approximately) – Postlaunch news conference on NASA TV. Participants will include:</font></div><ul style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 10px;" class=""><li style="box-sizing: border-box;" class=""><font face="Gill Sans" size="4" class="">Steve Stich, manager, NASA’s Commercial Crew Program.</font></li><li style="box-sizing: border-box;" class=""><font face="Gill Sans" size="4" class="">TBD, NASA’s International Space Station Program.</font></li><li style="box-sizing: border-box;" class=""><font face="Gill Sans" size="4" class="">John Vollmer, vice president and program manager, Boeing Commercial Crew Program.</font></li><li style="box-sizing: border-box;" class=""><font face="Gill Sans" size="4" class="">John Elbon, chief operating officer, United Launch Alliance.</font></li></ul><div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 15px; -webkit-font-smoothing: inherit; line-height: 1.4em;" class=""><font face="Gill Sans" size="4" class="">Media may ask questions in-person and via phone. Limited auditorium space will be available for in-person participation. For the dial-in number and passcode, please contact the Kennedy newsroom no later than 2 p.m. Tuesday, Aug. 3, at: <a href="mailto:ksc-newsroom@mail.nasa.gov" style="box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(66, 139, 202);" class="">ksc-newsroom@mail.nasa.gov</a>.</font></div><div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 15px; -webkit-font-smoothing: inherit; line-height: 1.4em;" class=""><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;" class=""><font face="Gill Sans" size="4" class="">Wednesday, Aug. 4</font></strong></div><div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 15px; -webkit-font-smoothing: inherit; line-height: 1.4em;" class=""><font face="Gill Sans" size="4" class="">10:30 a.m. – NASA TV rendezvous and docking coverage begins.</font></div><div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 15px; -webkit-font-smoothing: inherit; line-height: 1.4em;" class=""><font face="Gill Sans" size="4" class="">1:37 p.m. (scheduled) – Docking</font></div><div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 15px; -webkit-font-smoothing: inherit; line-height: 1.4em;" class=""><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;" class=""><font face="Gill Sans" size="4" class="">Thursday, Aug. 5</font></strong></div><div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 15px; -webkit-font-smoothing: inherit; line-height: 1.4em;" class=""><font face="Gill Sans" size="4" class="">8:30 a.m. – NASA TV hatch opening coverage begins</font></div><div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 15px; -webkit-font-smoothing: inherit; line-height: 1.4em;" class=""><font face="Gill Sans" size="4" class="">8:40 a.m. – Hatch opening</font></div><div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 15px; -webkit-font-smoothing: inherit; line-height: 1.4em;" class=""><font face="Gill Sans" size="4" class="">9:40 a.m. (approximately) –Welcoming remarks</font></div><div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 15px; -webkit-font-smoothing: inherit; line-height: 1.4em;" class=""><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;" class=""><font face="Gill Sans" size="4" class="">NASA TV Launch Coverage</font></strong></div><div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 15px; -webkit-font-smoothing: inherit; line-height: 1.4em;" class=""><font face="Gill Sans" size="4" class="">NASA TV live coverage will begin at 12:30 p.m. For NASA TV downlink information, schedules, and links to streaming video, visit: <strong style="box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(66, 139, 202);" class=""><a href="http://www.nasa.gov/nasatv" style="box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(66, 139, 202);" class="">http://www.nasa.gov/nasatv</a></strong></font></div><div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 15px; -webkit-font-smoothing: inherit; line-height: 1.4em;" class=""><font face="Gill Sans" size="4" class=""><br class=""></font></div><div style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 15px; -webkit-font-smoothing: inherit; line-height: 1.4em;" class=""><div style="caret-color: rgb(153, 153, 153); padding-bottom: 5px;" class=""><a target="_blank" href="http://r.smartbrief.com/resp/ohbdCKojllDqiDuRCifOtUBVfqAN?format=multipart" style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none; line-height: 26px; display: block;" class=""><font color="#000000" style="font-size: 31px;" class="">Russia's Nauka module briefly tilts space station with unplanned thruster fire</font></a><a target="_blank" href="http://r.smartbrief.com/resp/ohbdCKojllDqiDuRCifOtUBVfqAN?format=multipart" style="font-size: 21px; text-decoration: none; line-height: 26px; display: block;" class=""><font color="#000000" class="">we have all said OOPS or awe, sh— :-) can happen in space too :-) </font></a></div><table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="0" align="left" style="color: rgb(153, 153, 153); caret-color: rgb(153, 153, 153); font-size: 15px; padding-top: 6px; padding-bottom: 3px; margin-right: 0px !important;" class=""><tbody class=""><tr class=""><td style="padding-right: 15px !important;" class=""><a target="_blank" href="http://r.smartbrief.com/resp/ohbdCKojllDqiDuRCifOtUBVfqAN" class=""><img src="https://cdn.smartbrief.com/images/stories/m/pz/5p/pz5pp7p/51343815817_e38996197f_k_w620.jpg" height="389.68548387096774" width="585" border="0" alt="Russia's Nauka module briefly tilts space station with unplanned thruster fire" class="scale_full_width" style="max-width: 620px;"></a></td></tr><tr class=""><td width="620" style="padding-top: 4px; padding-right: 15px !important;" class=""><div style="line-height: normal;" class=""><font face="Gill Sans" size="4" color="#000000" class="">(Thomas Pesquet/ESA/NASA)</font></div></td></tr></tbody></table><font face="Gill Sans" size="4" class=""><div class="name-100" style="line-height: 25px; display: inline !important;">Nauka's bumpy ride to the <a class="hawk-link-parsed" href="http://r.smartbrief.com/resp/ohbdCKojllDqiDuSCifOtUBVkkjo" data-component-tracked="1" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-variant-position: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-alternates: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; text-decoration-line: none; text-decoration: none !important;">International Space Station</a> didn't get any smoother after the new Russian science module docked on Thursday (July 29). A little over three hours after docking was complete, cosmonauts Oleg Novitsky and Pyotr Dubrov were preparing to open the hatch when thrusters on <a class="hawk-link-parsed" href="http://r.smartbrief.com/resp/ohbdCKojllDqiDuTCifOtUBVqypd" data-component-tracked="1" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-variant-position: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-alternates: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; text-decoration-line: none; text-decoration: none !important;">Nauka</a> fired "inadvertently and unexpectedly," according to NASA spokesperson Rob Navias. As a result, the space station temporarily lost what engineers call "attitude control," which is quite rare, Navias noted. The crew is not in any danger.</div><span style="caret-color: rgb(153, 153, 153); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);" class=""> </span><span class="mobile_wrap" style="white-space: nowrap;"><b class="">Full Story: </b><a target="_blank" class="mobile_wrap" href="http://r.smartbrief.com/resp/ohbdCKojllDqiDuRCifOtUBVfqAN?format=multipart" style="white-space: normal; text-decoration: none;">Space</a> (7/29)</span></font><span style="color: rgb(153, 153, 153); caret-color: rgb(153, 153, 153); font-size: 8px;" class=""> </span><span style="caret-color: rgb(153, 153, 153); color: rgb(153, 153, 153); font-size: 15px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);" class=""></span><div style="color: rgb(153, 153, 153); caret-color: rgb(153, 153, 153); font-size: 15px;" class=""><a target="_blank" href="http://r.smartbrief.com/resp/ohbdCKojllDqiDvECifOtUBVdABt" title="LinkedIn" style="color: rgb(1, 100, 161); font-size: 13px; font-weight: bold;" class=""><img src="https://cdn.smartbrief.com/images/briefs2/common/LinkedIn_BLUE.png" height="17" width="17" border="0" align="top" alt="LinkedIn" style="max-width: 17px;" class=""></a><span class="story_share_icon_separator" style="font-size: 8px;"> </span><a target="_blank" href="http://r.smartbrief.com/resp/ohbdCKojllDqiDvFCifOtUBVmDQe" title="Twitter" style="color: rgb(1, 100, 161); 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box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 15px; -webkit-font-smoothing: inherit; line-height: 1.4em;" class=""><font face="Gill Sans" size="4" class=""><br class=""></font></div><div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 15px; -webkit-font-smoothing: inherit; line-height: 1.4em;" class=""><font face="Gill Sans" size="4" class=""><br class=""></font></div><div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 15px; -webkit-font-smoothing: inherit; line-height: 1.4em;" class=""><font face="Gill Sans" size="4" class=""><br class=""></font></div><div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 15px; -webkit-font-smoothing: inherit; line-height: 1.4em;" class=""><font face="Gill Sans" size="4" class=""><br class=""></font></div><div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 15px; -webkit-font-smoothing: inherit; line-height: 1.4em;" class=""><font face="Gill Sans" size="4" class=""><br class=""></font></div><div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 15px; -webkit-font-smoothing: inherit; line-height: 1.4em;" class=""><font face="Gill Sans" size="4" class=""><br class=""></font></div><div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 15px; -webkit-font-smoothing: inherit; line-height: 1.4em;" class=""><font face="Gill Sans" size="4" class=""><br class=""></font></div><div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 15px; -webkit-font-smoothing: inherit; line-height: 1.4em;" class=""><font face="Gill Sans" size="4" class=""><br class=""></font></div><div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 15px; -webkit-font-smoothing: inherit; line-height: 1.4em;" class=""><span style="font-size: 36px;" class=""><b style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);" class="">NASA’s 10th Space Apps Challenge Increases Global Participation</b><br style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);" class=""></span><table align="center" width="687" cellpadding="1" style="font-size: 0.923em; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; border: 1px solid rgb(190, 191, 185); vertical-align: baseline; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px; width: 708px; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);" class=""><tbody style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;" class=""><tr style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;" class=""><td style="margin: 0px; padding: 10px; border: 1px solid rgb(230, 230, 230); vertical-align: middle;" class=""><div class="dnd-drop-wrapper" style="margin: 0px 0px 9px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/thumbnails/image/space_apps_003.png" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(0, 116, 189); text-decoration: none;" class=""><img typeof="foaf:Image" src="https://www.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/styles/full_width/public/thumbnails/image/space_apps_003.png" width="687px" height="auto" alt="Space Apps logo" title="" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;" class=""></a></div><div class="dnd-legend-wrapper" style="font-size: 14px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="caption" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-size: 10px;"></div><b style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;" class=""><i style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;" class=""><div class="credits" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-size: 10px;">Credits: NASA</div></i></b><div class="link" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><p style="font-size: 18px; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; margin: 1em 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);" class="">To mark the 10th International Space Apps Challenge, the largest annual global hackathon in the world, NASA is collaborating with nine space agency partners to bring the event to even more communities Oct. 2-3, 2021.</p><div style="font-size: 18px; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; margin: 1em 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);" class="">Each year, <a href="https://gcc02.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.spaceappschallenge.org%2F&data=04%7C01%7Chqnews%40newsletters.nasa.gov%7C0d545b0153a843ee368608d952db00c8%7C7005d45845be48ae8140d43da96dd17b%7C0%7C0%7C637631922830470241%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJWIjoiMC4wLjAwMDAiLCJQIjoiV2luMzIiLCJBTiI6Ik1haWwiLCJXVCI6Mn0%3D%7C1000&sdata=%2Bdh%2F3428wQ9jIhSVJOcIDSWT171AaZZMAt70Ce5kAs0%3D&reserved=0" originalsrc="https://www.spaceappschallenge.org/" shash="t/bwgaVtee9+uHEVNUf8ULg7SWfKu9AEqGn14g55MTk/hIODkeQr3yhLJGjOzlaVJp5TaPySmAD7gblkx/NNWHOIADtCAiUzIkkWV8IgAWAPDhyrB14TKqVwY5sG0CSwpyT9/rabbbb2Dqdjn75nzwzI6nqV8hFN1UaiPhbZTB0=" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(0, 116, 189); text-decoration: none;" class="">NASA’s International Space Apps Challenge</a>, or Space Apps, engages thousands of people around the world to work with the agency’s open source data in a 48-hour sprint. Since its start in 2012, Space Apps has grown from 25 local events in 17 countries to more than 250 local events in 87 countries and territories. In 2020, the program engaged 26,000 people. Teams of technologists, scientists, designers, entrepreneurs, artists, and others collaborate to answer some of the most pressing challenges on Earth and in space.</div><div style="font-size: 18px; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; margin: 1em 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);" class="">“Over the last ten years, open data has been the cornerstone of Space Apps. Thanks to open innovation programs like Space Apps, the public knows that NASA’s vast data archives are freely available to browse online,” said Kevin Murphy, NASA’s chief data officer.</div><div style="font-size: 18px; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; margin: 1em 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);" class="">ESA (European Space Agency), Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, Canadian Space Agency, Australian Space Agency, Brazilian Space Agency, National Space Activities Commission of Argentina, Paraguayan Space Agency, South African National Space Agency and the Bahrain National Space Agency will join NASA to extend collaboration in the Space Apps Challenge.</div><div style="font-size: 18px; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; margin: 1em 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);" class="">Space Apps inspires local communities to come together and think creatively. A panel of experts selects the winning teams, and awards include an invitation to visit a rocket launch in the United States.</div><div style="font-size: 18px; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; margin: 1em 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);" class="">Space agency partners will provide subject matter experts to judge project submissions and promote the event in their countries and regions. They also will have an opportunity to provide open data, interact with participants over hackathon weekend, record video tutorials, and help coordinate local events.</div><div style="font-size: 18px; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; margin: 1em 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);" class="">“We are really proud of Space Apps and the way the program has engaged people from all over the world,” said Sandra Cauffman, deputy director of NASA’s Earth Science Division. “Over the next ten years, we would like to work with our partner space agencies to expand our geographic footprint even more to include people from all regions of the world and populations that are underrepresented in the STEM fields such as women and girls.”</div><div style="font-size: 18px; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; margin: 1em 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);" class="">Past winners include a team of high schoolers and their mentors who created an idea for an augmented reality game that taught players about wildlife conservation and environmental preservation. Another team included a brother and sister in grade school who created a piece of music using NASA open data and homemade instruments that documented the environmental changes happening during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown.</div><div style="font-size: 18px; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; margin: 1em 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);" class="">Space Apps is managed by <a href="https://science.nasa.gov/earth-science" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(0, 116, 189); text-decoration: none;" class="">NASA’s Earth Science Division</a>.</div><div style="font-size: 18px; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; margin: 1em 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);" class="">This year’s event will be entirely virtual. Participant registration is open through Oct. 3, 2021 at: <strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(0, 116, 189); text-decoration: none;" class=""><a href="https://gcc02.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.spaceappschallenge.org%2F&data=04%7C01%7Chqnews%40newsletters.nasa.gov%7C0d545b0153a843ee368608d952db00c8%7C7005d45845be48ae8140d43da96dd17b%7C0%7C0%7C637631922830480206%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJWIjoiMC4wLjAwMDAiLCJQIjoiV2luMzIiLCJBTiI6Ik1haWwiLCJXVCI6Mn0%3D%7C1000&sdata=65fLK17w3tLvDr52k3wCXOZDiJRiokGzCLLXOquAjmw%3D&reserved=0" originalsrc="https://www.spaceappschallenge.org/" shash="i9sdXqk7FlZ3rr8p0+ThF69C8VExejO8Zz1zl9Wa/gDnwZhpUQzKQcOC4R/8kcdUiGDi53PtuyBPenzEJYcs/Yp+ejn7fAXek2Vtzw03F95mjzEkNg2+Nu9k0JCQLpdsO9sR76rn//EQczAufVqzcDVX7Q4BtnSV95v9q83RR3I=" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(0, 116, 189); text-decoration: none;" class="">https://www.spaceappschallenge.org/</a></strong></div><div style="font-size: 18px; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; margin: 1em 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);" class=""><br class=""></div><div style="font-size: 18px; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; margin: 1em 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);" class=""><div class="title-bar" style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 2em 0px;"><div class="title-wrap" style="box-sizing: border-box; width: 532.203125px; padding: 0px;"><h1 class="title" style="caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); color: inherit; font-family: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 2.2em; margin: 0px; line-height: 1.1;">The Mercury 13</h1></div></div><div class="feature-image-container" style="font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px -2em 2em; caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: "Titillium Web", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/images/162061main_image_feature_691_ys_full.jpg" style="box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(66, 139, 202);" class=""><img alt="The Mercury 13" class="feature-image" apple-inline="yes" id="D443BBCF-8A6D-4C52-AF80-BCF5DFF51869" style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; vertical-align: middle; max-width: 100%;" src="cid:7A4BD615-83E2-415D-BB4E-B19044D25EAB"></a></div><div class="gallery-link" style="font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: -10px 0px 10px; caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: "Titillium Web", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;"></div><section id="ember23" class="opened collapsible ember-view" style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box; max-height: none; overflow-y: hidden; caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); color: rgb(51, 51, 51);"><div class="text" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 15px; -webkit-font-smoothing: inherit; line-height: 1.4em;" class=""><font face="Gill Sans" size="4" class="">Members of the First Lady Astronaut Trainees (FLATs, also known as the "Mercury 13"), these seven women who once aspired to fly into space stand outside Launch Pad 39B near the Space Shuttle Discovery in this photograph from 1995. The so-called Mercury 13 was a group of women who trained to become astronauts for America's first human spaceflight program in the early 1960s. Although FLATs was never an official NASA program, the commitment of these women paved the way for others who followed. Visiting the space center as invited guests of STS-63 Pilot Eileen Collins, the first female shuttle pilot and later the first female shuttle commander, are (from left): Gene Nora Jessen, Wally Funk, Jerrie Cobb, Jerri Truhill, Sarah Rutley, Myrtle Cagle and Bernice Steadman.<br style="box-sizing: border-box;" class=""></font><br style="box-sizing: border-box;" class=""><i style="font-size: 1em; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; box-sizing: border-box;" class="">Image credit: NASA </i><br style="box-sizing: border-box;" class=""><font face="Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif" style="font-size: 1em;" class=""> </font></p></div></section></div><div style="font-size: 18px; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; margin: 1em 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);" class=""><br class="webkit-block-placeholder"></div></div><div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 15px; -webkit-font-smoothing: inherit; line-height: 1.4em;" class=""><b style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);" class=""><font face="HelveticaNeue" style="font-size: 36px;" class="">NASA Perseverance Mars Rover to Acquire First Sample</font></b><br style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px;" class=""><table align="center" width="687" cellpadding="1" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 0.923em; margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; border: 1px solid rgb(190, 191, 185); vertical-align: baseline; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px; width: 708px; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);" class=""><tbody style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;" class=""><tr style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;" class=""><td style="margin: 0px; padding: 10px; border: 1px solid rgb(230, 230, 230); vertical-align: middle; font-size: 14px;" class=""><div class="dnd-drop-wrapper" style="margin: 0px 0px 9px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/thumbnails/image/1-pia24746-1041_0.jpg" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(0, 116, 189); text-decoration: none;" class=""><img typeof="foaf:Image" src="https://www.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/styles/full_width/public/thumbnails/image/1-pia24746-1041_0.jpg" width="687px" height="auto" alt="View from the Perseverance rover as it scouts its first sampling location." title="" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;" class=""></a></div><div class="dnd-legend-wrapper" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="caption" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-size: 10px;">A light-colored “paver stone,” like the ones seen in this mosaic image, will be the likely target for first sampling by the Perseverance rover. This image was taken July 8, 2021, in the “Cratered Floor Fractured Rough” geologic unit at Jezero Crater.</div><b style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;" class=""><i style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;" class=""><div class="credits" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-size: 10px;">Credits: NASA/JPL-Caltech/ASU/MSSS</div></i></b><div class="link" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><p style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; margin: 1em 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);" class="">NASA is making final preparations for its Perseverance Mars rover to collect its first-ever sample of Martian rock, which future planned missions will transport to Earth. The six-wheeled geologist is searching for a scientifically interesting target in a part of <a href="https://mars.nasa.gov/mars2020/mission/where-is-the-rover/" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(0, 116, 189); text-decoration: none;" class="">Jezero Crater</a> called the “<a href="https://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA24596" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(0, 116, 189); text-decoration: none;" class="">Cratered Floor Fractured Rough</a>.”</p><div style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; margin: 1em 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);" class="">This important mission milestone is expected to begin within the next two weeks. Perseverance landed in Jezero Crater Feb. 18, and NASA kicked off the rover mission’s science phase June 1, exploring a 1.5-square-mile (4-square-kilometer) patch of crater floor that may contain Jezero’s deepest and most ancient layers of exposed bedrock.</div><div style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; margin: 1em 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);" class="">“When Neil Armstrong took the <a href="https://www.hq.nasa.gov/alsj/a11/a11ContingencySample.html" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(0, 116, 189); text-decoration: none;" class="">first sample from the Sea of Tranquility</a> 52 years ago, he began a process that would rewrite what humanity knew about the Moon,” said Thomas Zurbuchen, associate administrator for science at NASA Headquarters. “I have every expectation that Perseverance’s first sample from Jezero Crater, and those that come after, will do the same for Mars. We are on the threshold of a new era of planetary science and discovery.”</div><p style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; margin: 1em 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);" class="">It took Armstrong 3 minutes and 35 seconds to collect that first Moon sample. Perseverance will require about 11 days to complete its first sampling, as it must receive its instructions from hundreds of millions of miles away while relying on the most complex and capable, as well as the cleanest, mechanism ever to be sent into space – the Sampling and Caching System.</p><p style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; margin: 1em 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);" class=""><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;" class="">Precision Instruments Working Together</strong></p><div style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; margin: 1em 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);" class="">The sampling sequence begins with the rover placing everything necessary for sampling within reach of its 7-foot (2-meter) long <a href="https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/news/mars-2020-rovers-7-foot-long-robotic-arm-installed" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(0, 116, 189); text-decoration: none;" class="">robotic arm</a>. It will then perform an imagery survey, so NASA’s science team can determine the exact location for taking the first sample, and a separate target site in the same area for “proximity science.”</div><div style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; margin: 1em 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);" class="">“The idea is to get valuable data on the rock we are about to sample by finding its geologic twin and performing detailed in-situ analysis,” said science campaign <em style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;" class="">co</em>-<em style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;" class="">lead</em>Vivian Sun, from NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Southern California. “On the geologic double, first we use an abrading bit to scrape off the top layers of rock and dust to expose fresh, unweathered surfaces, blow it clean with our Gas Dust Removal Tool, and then get up close and personal with our turret-mounted proximity science instruments <a href="mailto:https://mars.nasa.gov/news/8678/the-detective-aboard-nasas-perseverance-rover/" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(0, 116, 189); text-decoration: none;" class="">SHERLOC</a>, <a href="mailto:https://mars.nasa.gov/news/8759/nasas-new-mars-rover-will-use-x-rays-to-hunt-fossils/" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(0, 116, 189); text-decoration: none;" class="">PIXL</a>, and <a href="https://mars.nasa.gov/mars2020/spacecraft/rover/cameras/#WATSON" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(0, 116, 189); text-decoration: none;" class="">WATSON</a>.”</div><div style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; margin: 1em 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);" class="">SHERLOC (Scanning Habitable Environments with Raman & Luminescence for Organics & Chemicals), PIXL (Planetary Instrument for X-ray Lithochemistry), and the WATSON (Wide Angle Topographic Sensor for Operations and eNgineering) camera will provide mineral and chemical analysis of the abraded target. Perseverance’s <a href="https://mars.nasa.gov/mars2020/spacecraft/instruments/supercam/" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(0, 116, 189); text-decoration: none;" class="">SuperCam</a>and <a href="https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/news/nasas-mars-2020-gets-hd-eyes" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(0, 116, 189); text-decoration: none;" class="">Mastcam-Z</a> instruments, both located on the rover’s mast, will also participate. While SuperCam fires its laser at the abraded surface, spectroscopically measuring the resulting plume and collecting other data, Mastcam-Z will capture high-resolution imagery.</div><div style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; margin: 1em 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);" class="">Working together, these five instruments will enable unprecedented analysis of geological materials at the worksite.</div><div style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; margin: 1em 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);" class="">“After our pre-coring science is complete, we will limit rover tasks for a sol, or a Martian day,” said Sun. “This will allow the rover to fully charge its battery for the events of the following day.”</div><div style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; margin: 1em 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);" class="">Sampling day kicks off with the sample-handling arm within the <a href="https://mars.nasa.gov/news/8630/nasas-mars-perseverance-rover-gets-its-sample-handling-system/" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(0, 116, 189); text-decoration: none;" class="">Adaptive Caching Assembly</a> retrieving a <a href="https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/news/a-martian-roundtrip-nasas-perseverance-rover-sample-tubes" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(0, 116, 189); text-decoration: none;" class="">sample tube</a>, heating it, and then inserting it into a coring bit. A device called the bit carousel transports the tube and bit to a rotary-percussive drill on <a href="https://mars.nasa.gov/news/8994/signs-of-life-on-mars-nasas-perseverance-rover-begins-the-hunt/" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(0, 116, 189); text-decoration: none;" class="">Perseverance’s robotic arm</a>, which will then drill the untouched geologic “twin” of the rock studied the previous sol, filling the tube with a core sample roughly the size of a piece of chalk.</div><p style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; margin: 1em 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);" class="">Perseverance’s arm will then move the bit-and-tube combination back into bit carousel, which will transfer it back into the Adaptive Caching Assembly, where the sample will be measured for volume, photographed, hermetically sealed, and stored. The next time the sample tube contents are seen, they will be in a clean room facility on Earth, for analysis using scientific instruments much too large to send to Mars.</p><p style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; margin: 1em 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);" class="">“Not every sample Perseverance is collecting will be done in the quest for ancient life, and we don’t expect this first sample to provide definitive proof one way or the other,” said Perseverance project scientist Ken Farley, of Caltech. “While the rocks located in this geologic unit are not great time capsules for organics, we believe they have been around since the formation of Jezero Crater and incredibly valuable to fill gaps in our geologic understanding of this region – things we’ll desperately need to know if we find life once existed on Mars.”</p><p style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; margin: 1em 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);" class=""><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;" class="">More About the Mission</strong></p><p style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; margin: 1em 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);" class="">A key objective for Perseverance’s mission on Mars is <a href="https://astrobiology.nasa.gov/" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(0, 116, 189); text-decoration: none;" class="">astrobiology</a>, including the search for signs of ancient microbial life. The rover will characterize the planet’s geology and past climate, pave the way for human exploration of the Red Planet, and be the first mission to collect and cache Martian rock and regolith.</p><p style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; margin: 1em 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);" class="">The Mars 2020 Perseverance mission is the first step in NASA’s Mars Sample Return Campaign. Subsequent NASA missions, now in development in cooperation with the European Space Agency, would send spacecraft to Mars to collect these sealed samples from the surface and return them to Earth for in-depth analysis.</p><p style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; margin: 1em 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);" class="">The Mars 2020 Perseverance mission is part of NASA’s Moon to Mars exploration approach, which includes <a href="https://www.nasa.gov/specials/artemis/" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(0, 116, 189); text-decoration: none;" class="">Artemis</a> missions to the Moon that will help prepare for human exploration of the Red Planet.</p><div style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; margin: 1em 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);" class="">JPL is managed for NASA by Caltech in Pasadena, California. To learn more about Perseverance, visit: <strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(0, 116, 189); text-decoration: none;" class=""><a href="https://gcc02.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fnasa.gov%2Fperseverance&data=04%7C01%7Chqnews%40newsletters.nasa.gov%7Cd406233e4da94eb546b208d94c69d21c%7C7005d45845be48ae8140d43da96dd17b%7C0%7C0%7C637624839652981146%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJWIjoiMC4wLjAwMDAiLCJQIjoiV2luMzIiLCJBTiI6Ik1haWwiLCJXVCI6Mn0%3D%7C1000&sdata=wMCQSblhwRSoeMpjLc%2BRljS5CnsoGUJYdHsknzVjhTg%3D&reserved=0" originalsrc="https://nasa.gov/perseverance" shash="l/uQJufuKJl58lMbH/NjT7OsYTrEFPLst+vHv+RMSETGXkgswXVR1D8VyWa8ePr8TFQ2RuKRAVnhcNTjodDtNqulcN8/1tq9nnC0SGEk3YS/zgDyxcoEn7xWllaJB2zbKR9vqXpw5muk5RTrJUD0D2QlUPXdFnVhb6lda+z43Q0=" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(0, 116, 189); text-decoration: none;" class="">https://nasa.gov/perseverance</a> </strong>and<a href="https://mars.nasa.gov/mars2020/" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(0, 116, 189); text-decoration: none;" class=""><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;" class="">https://mars.nasa.gov/mars2020/</strong></a></div><div style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; margin: 1em 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);" class=""><br class="webkit-block-placeholder"></div></div></div></section></div></body></html>