<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"></head><body style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><font size="3" class="">Hi all,</font><div class=""><font size="3" class=""><br class=""></font></div><div class=""><font size="3" class=""> I hope everyone is doing well…today in the USA we celebrated Veterans Day…. a day to thank everyone, past and present, who served in the military for their service to our country…fo me, I always believe in sharing all countries special events so I will include all military members throughout the international community…HAPPY VETERANS DAY and THANK YOU! </font></div><div class=""><font size="3" class=""><br class=""></font></div><div class=""><font size="3" class="">I want to quickly update everyone, as best I can, regarding Saturday’s special Launch….as of now, it is still scheduled for Saturday but we have a very bad storm passing through tomorrow…we don’t know if it will delay the mission…so be sure to check the launch info….<a href="https://www.nasa.gov" class="">https://www.nasa.gov</a> </font></div><div class=""><font size="3" class=""><br class=""></font></div><div class="">
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<!--StartFragment--><p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" class=""><span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;" class="">W</span><span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;" class="">e have
to remember to do our best, enjoy everything we do, believe in ourselves,
and let those we care about most know (I always say this, we all need to take
it to heart) …hugs & smiles... :-) :-) STAY SAFE, TAKE CARE, Love ya,
Gabe</span></font><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;" class=""><o:p class=""></o:p></span></p>
<!--EndFragment--></div><div class=""><font size="3" class=""><br class=""></font></div><div class=""><font size="3" class="">hopefully you can get the kids involved, getting their boarding passes, passports, and follow along once they register in the </font><font size="4" class=""><font color="#0432ff" class="">#launchamerica</font>; <a href="http://r20.rs6.net/tn.jsp?f=001pskFNnutROgP4SHbYYI8DR2P1vH7j1XqV2JNyO3lFu5jLfTZzdd-ZUa1e8XL0LB8wYPcNWCnEWtDh-JCzzHf-obmr6MT9ze6CxEn7vvmiZIN9nzt4WEdOklWWbOB1mA3e-fLjZqG22xysyDyqXiwlA==&c=KKV1CStavBP09Lg8Hir15FBgHTKRoBIy6ZXEZkB64L5-ccWLNEUQ2Q==&ch=7hYEEZAAGIkXLATzRB6fvyb-ZVk94ENvpp_BzLXWGNHCbW5-nyrPtQ==" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" style="font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif;" class=""><font color="#0432ff" class="">https://go.nasa.gov/3jc1OCV</font></a></font></div><div class="">get your boarding pass at: <font size="4" color="#0432ff" class=""><a href="http://go.nasa.gov/CrewBoardingPass" class="">go.nasa.gov/CrewBoardingPass</a> </font><font size="3" class="">I had some issues with the passes, if you are having issues, simply fill in your name, take a screen shot, then you can save it….</font></div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class=""><table width="100%" align="center" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; table-layout: fixed; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 14px;" class=""><tbody class=""><tr class=""><td class="layout-container-border" align="center" valign="top" bgcolor="#EB1A13" style="background-color: rgb(235, 26, 19); padding: 0px;"><table width="100%" align="center" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" bgcolor="#EB1A13" style="border-collapse: collapse; table-layout: fixed;" class=""><tbody class=""><tr class=""><td class="layout-container" align="center" valign="top" bgcolor="#ffffff" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); padding: 0px;"><div class=""><table width="100%" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0" class="galileo-ap-layout-editor" style="border-collapse: collapse; table-layout: fixed; min-width: 100%;"><tbody class=""><tr class=""><td class=" editor-col OneColumnMobile" width="100%" align="" valign="top"><div class="gl-contains-image"><table class="editor-image content-image" width="100%" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; table-layout: fixed; min-width: 100%;"><tbody class=""><tr class=""><td align="center" valign="top" style="padding-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px;" class=""><div class="publish-container"><img alt="" class="" width="244" border="0" hspace="0" vspace="0" src="https://files.constantcontact.com/008cb7e9701/24e2fc8d-7740-4b03-a993-1f607a31b8ed.jpg" style="display: block; height: auto; max-width: 100%;"></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table><table width="100%" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0" class="galileo-ap-layout-editor" style="border-collapse: collapse; table-layout: fixed; min-width: 100%;"><tbody class=""><tr class=""><td class=" editor-col OneColumnMobile" width="100%" align="" valign="top"><div class="gl-contains-text"><table width="100%" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; table-layout: fixed; min-width: 100%;" class=""><tbody class=""><tr class=""><td class="editor-text content-text" align="left" valign="top" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; display: block; word-wrap: break-word; line-height: 1.2; padding: 10px 20px;"><div class=""></div><div class="galileo-ap-content-editor text-container"><div class=""><span style="font-size: 16px;" class="">It's launch week and we couldn't be more excited! The Crew's </span><a href="http://r20.rs6.net/tn.jsp?f=001pskFNnutROgP4SHbYYI8DR2P1vH7j1XqV2JNyO3lFu5jLfTZzdd-ZUa1e8XL0LB8_du3qrJOYD7-R7zOE5wFv3sFVGna_ew1YFV-Iwm_Kaae8u4d9jkMOzB0MpMbpCg_ovfQ8YofaPF2LtBCr62wQ6uXo1-LgsfUzOxAkq2wTp3W66GAzmPbjg==&c=KKV1CStavBP09Lg8Hir15FBgHTKRoBIy6ZXEZkB64L5-ccWLNEUQ2Q==&ch=7hYEEZAAGIkXLATzRB6fvyb-ZVk94ENvpp_BzLXWGNHCbW5-nyrPtQ==" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" style="font-size: 16px; color: rgb(41, 141, 218);" class="">on the ground at KSC</a><span style="font-size: 16px;" class="">, they've answered some questions </span><span style="font-size: 16px;" class="">from </span><a href="http://r20.rs6.net/tn.jsp?f=001pskFNnutROgP4SHbYYI8DR2P1vH7j1XqV2JNyO3lFu5jLfTZzdd-ZUa1e8XL0LB8_wsDPBfFkkkQhrnbUAe1SrZaZJlE82ygCMQRulPv-t-KOKX6YRyU3xSWXFges2dWIItwpnGyvNnqJh-3R2TVPfUvhODJTpyhwoY4jQfQjPI6TDbanfyymQ==&c=KKV1CStavBP09Lg8Hir15FBgHTKRoBIy6ZXEZkB64L5-ccWLNEUQ2Q==&ch=7hYEEZAAGIkXLATzRB6fvyb-ZVk94ENvpp_BzLXWGNHCbW5-nyrPtQ==" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" style="font-size: 16px; color: rgb(41, 141, 218);" class="">the Crew Quarters</a><span style="font-size: 16px;" class="">, and the rocket's on the pad (see below!).</span></div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class=""><span style="font-size: 16px;" class="">Here's what you need to know as launch get closer: </span></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table><table width="100%" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0" class="galileo-ap-layout-editor" style="border-collapse: collapse; table-layout: fixed; min-width: 100%;"><tbody class=""><tr class=""><td class="layout-margin" align="left" valign="top" style="padding: 8px 20px 9px;"><table width="100%" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; table-layout: fixed;" class=""><tbody class=""><tr class=""><td class="article-border" align="left" valign="top" bgcolor="#EB1A13" style="background-color: rgb(235, 26, 19); padding: 1px;"><table width="100%" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; table-layout: fixed;" class=""><tbody class=""><tr class=""><td class="article editor-col OneColumnMobile" width="50%" align="left" valign="top" bgcolor="#ffffff" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><div class=""><div class="column-resize-bar"><span class="line"></span><span class="grabber"></span></div></div><div class="gl-contains-text"><table width="100%" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; table-layout: fixed; min-width: 100%;" class=""><tbody class=""><tr class=""><td class="editor-text article-heading-text" align="left" valign="top" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; display: block; word-wrap: break-word; line-height: 1.2; font-weight: bold; padding: 10px 10px 10px 20px;"><div class=""></div><div class="galileo-ap-content-editor text-container"><span style="color: rgb(54, 97, 189);" class="">How to participate</span></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="gl-contains-text"><table width="100%" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; table-layout: fixed; min-width: 100%;" class=""><tbody class=""><tr class=""><td class="editor-text content-text" align="left" valign="top" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; display: block; word-wrap: break-word; line-height: 1.2; padding: 10px 10px 10px 20px;"><div class=""></div><div class="galileo-ap-content-editor text-container"><div class="">On Thursday, Nov. 12, at 12:30 p.m. EST you can join a <a href="http://r20.rs6.net/tn.jsp?f=001pskFNnutROgP4SHbYYI8DR2P1vH7j1XqV2JNyO3lFu5jLfTZzdd-Zb5fNtl9uqROIZMlK5CZwDVHhF2OhxWer2vlBYD2-Dd9gwxG92LL8PtW5KWwycqM__SYJGLviWDbES7TidC7W8_gXqTvaY45aQPDAq5iTVEM&c=KKV1CStavBP09Lg8Hir15FBgHTKRoBIy6ZXEZkB64L5-ccWLNEUQ2Q==&ch=7hYEEZAAGIkXLATzRB6fvyb-ZVk94ENvpp_BzLXWGNHCbW5-nyrPtQ==" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" style="color: blue;" class="">Reddit Ask Me Anything (AMA)</a> on the mission featuring experts from NASA & the FAA.</div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">On Friday, Nov. 13, there are <a href="http://r20.rs6.net/tn.jsp?f=001pskFNnutROgP4SHbYYI8DR2P1vH7j1XqV2JNyO3lFu5jLfTZzdd-ZUa1e8XL0LB8slvLPMOq66iVgwYE7PS954ZAq0Vm-DgLIk5_GFIc8-FalILQzzOtP_DOJFJm1PCFPVqhraCq-NY8DLpYwDLlCHXQNknTTC37j-Ub_XY5Xze-aKXv7sDuUhWRVO71dStAxQN4rZOVK942sM_UlFeCOQ==&c=KKV1CStavBP09Lg8Hir15FBgHTKRoBIy6ZXEZkB64L5-ccWLNEUQ2Q==&ch=7hYEEZAAGIkXLATzRB6fvyb-ZVk94ENvpp_BzLXWGNHCbW5-nyrPtQ==" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" style="color: rgb(41, 141, 218);" class="">FIVE interaction opportunities</a> at 11 a.m., 12:30 p.m., 2 p.m., 3:30 p.m., and 4:30 p.m. EST. They'll cover everything from astronauts, weather, and Genes in Space. <a href="http://r20.rs6.net/tn.jsp?f=001pskFNnutROgP4SHbYYI8DR2P1vH7j1XqV2JNyO3lFu5jLfTZzdd-ZUa1e8XL0LB8slvLPMOq66iVgwYE7PS954ZAq0Vm-DgLIk5_GFIc8-FalILQzzOtP_DOJFJm1PCFPVqhraCq-NY8DLpYwDLlCHXQNknTTC37j-Ub_XY5Xze-aKXv7sDuUhWRVO71dStAxQN4rZOVK942sM_UlFeCOQ==&c=KKV1CStavBP09Lg8Hir15FBgHTKRoBIy6ZXEZkB64L5-ccWLNEUQ2Q==&ch=7hYEEZAAGIkXLATzRB6fvyb-ZVk94ENvpp_BzLXWGNHCbW5-nyrPtQ==" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" style="color: rgb(29, 99, 153);" class="">See the schedule and session descriptions (click on the time to access) here</a><span style="color: rgb(29, 99, 153);" class="">.</span></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td><td class="article editor-col OneColumnMobile" width="50%" align="left" valign="top" bgcolor="#ffffff" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><div class="gl-contains-image"><table class="editor-image editor-image-vspace-on" width="100%" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; table-layout: fixed; min-width: 100%;"><tbody class=""><tr class=""><td align="center" valign="top" style="padding-top: 10px; padding-bottom: 10px;" class=""><div class="publish-container"><img alt="" class="" width="209" border="0" hspace="0" vspace="0" src="https://files.constantcontact.com/008cb7e9701/ad2ad0d3-2550-44e9-a117-18e132bb5c90.jpg" style="display: block; height: auto !important; max-width: 100%;"></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table><table width="100%" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0" class="galileo-ap-layout-editor" style="border-collapse: collapse; table-layout: fixed; min-width: 100%;"><tbody class=""><tr class=""><td class="layout-margin" align="left" valign="top" bgcolor="#FFFFFF" style="padding: 8px 20px 9px;"><table width="100%" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; table-layout: fixed;" class=""><tbody class=""><tr class=""><td class="article-border" align="left" valign="top" bgcolor="#EB1A13" style="background-color: rgb(235, 26, 19); padding: 1px;"><table width="100%" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; table-layout: fixed;" class=""><tbody class=""><tr class=""><td class="article editor-col OneColumnMobile" width="50%" align="left" valign="top" bgcolor="FFFFFF" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><div class=""><div class="column-resize-bar"><span class="line"></span><span class="grabber"></span></div></div><div class="gl-contains-image"><table class="editor-image editor-image-vspace-on" width="100%" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; table-layout: fixed; min-width: 100%;"><tbody class=""><tr class=""><td align="center" valign="top" style="padding-top: 10px; padding-bottom: 10px;" class=""><div class="publish-container"><a href="http://r20.rs6.net/tn.jsp?f=001pskFNnutROgP4SHbYYI8DR2P1vH7j1XqV2JNyO3lFu5jLfTZzdd-ZUa1e8XL0LB8B3R-U5ts-cZmV5wvQiIGuHaHZ49_YO5o6Bni-QqOsc0KJLSulCbO7vy8z-G0u-3qJuv_dJIhXZOFP66nXTQ-0_IVPthuUx19V19vdlAQlMdd-XHr5SBwmdNDVpDOO5gvCD4JbQPlX8oH-XlMq21DWRzPEzQIlBCw&c=KKV1CStavBP09Lg8Hir15FBgHTKRoBIy6ZXEZkB64L5-ccWLNEUQ2Q==&ch=7hYEEZAAGIkXLATzRB6fvyb-ZVk94ENvpp_BzLXWGNHCbW5-nyrPtQ==" class=""><img alt="" class="" width="275" border="0" hspace="0" vspace="0" src="https://files.constantcontact.com/008cb7e9701/748df579-e77c-4ab6-afcc-4afdd807453c.png" style="display: block; height: auto !important; max-width: 100%;"></a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td><td class="article editor-col OneColumnMobile" width="50%" align="left" valign="top" bgcolor="FFFFFF" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><div class="gl-contains-text"><table width="100%" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; table-layout: fixed; min-width: 100%;" class=""><tbody class=""><tr class=""><td class="editor-text article-heading-text" align="left" valign="top" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; display: block; word-wrap: break-word; line-height: 1.2; font-weight: bold; padding: 10px 20px 10px 10px;"><div class=""></div><div class="galileo-ap-content-editor text-container"><a href="http://r20.rs6.net/tn.jsp?f=001pskFNnutROgP4SHbYYI8DR2P1vH7j1XqV2JNyO3lFu5jLfTZzdd-ZUa1e8XL0LB8B3R-U5ts-cZmV5wvQiIGuHaHZ49_YO5o6Bni-QqOsc0KJLSulCbO7vy8z-G0u-3qJuv_dJIhXZOFP66nXTQ-0_IVPthuUx19V19vdlAQlMdd-XHr5SBwmdNDVpDOO5gvCD4JbQPlX8oH-XlMq21DWRzPEzQIlBCw&c=KKV1CStavBP09Lg8Hir15FBgHTKRoBIy6ZXEZkB64L5-ccWLNEUQ2Q==&ch=7hYEEZAAGIkXLATzRB6fvyb-ZVk94ENvpp_BzLXWGNHCbW5-nyrPtQ==" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" style="color: rgb(54, 97, 189);" class="">How to get your boarding pass</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="gl-contains-text"><table width="100%" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; table-layout: fixed; min-width: 100%;" class=""><tbody class=""><tr class=""><td class="editor-text content-text" align="left" valign="top" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; display: block; word-wrap: break-word; line-height: 1.2; padding: 10px 20px 10px 10px;"><div class=""></div><div class="galileo-ap-content-editor text-container"><span style="color: rgb(28, 30, 33); font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;" class="">Get your own </span><a href="http://r20.rs6.net/tn.jsp?f=001pskFNnutROgP4SHbYYI8DR2P1vH7j1XqV2JNyO3lFu5jLfTZzdd-ZUa1e8XL0LB8B3R-U5ts-cZmV5wvQiIGuHaHZ49_YO5o6Bni-QqOsc0KJLSulCbO7vy8z-G0u-3qJuv_dJIhXZOFP66nXTQ-0_IVPthuUx19V19vdlAQlMdd-XHr5SBwmdNDVpDOO5gvCD4JbQPlX8oH-XlMq21DWRzPEzQIlBCw&c=KKV1CStavBP09Lg8Hir15FBgHTKRoBIy6ZXEZkB64L5-ccWLNEUQ2Q==&ch=7hYEEZAAGIkXLATzRB6fvyb-ZVk94ENvpp_BzLXWGNHCbW5-nyrPtQ==" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" style="color: rgb(28, 30, 33); font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;" class="">virtual boarding pass</a><span style="color: rgb(28, 30, 33); font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;" class=""> for the NASA SpaceX Crew-1 launch. Download, print, and share it with us (use #LaunchAmerica on Social Media) and we might feature you on NASA TV</span></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table><table width="100%" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0" class="galileo-ap-layout-editor" style="border-collapse: collapse; table-layout: fixed; min-width: 100%;"><tbody class=""><tr class=""><td class="layout-margin" align="left" valign="top" style="padding: 8px 20px 9px;"><table width="100%" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; table-layout: fixed;" class=""><tbody class=""><tr class=""><td class="article-border" align="left" valign="top" bgcolor="#EB1A13" style="background-color: rgb(235, 26, 19); padding: 1px;"><table width="100%" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; table-layout: fixed;" class=""><tbody class=""><tr class=""><td class="article editor-col OneColumnMobile" width="50%" align="left" valign="top" bgcolor="#ffffff" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><div class=""><div class="column-resize-bar"><span class="line"></span><span class="grabber"></span></div></div><div class="gl-contains-text"><table width="100%" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; table-layout: fixed; min-width: 100%;" class=""><tbody class=""><tr class=""><td class="editor-text article-heading-text" align="left" valign="top" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; display: block; word-wrap: break-word; line-height: 1.2; font-weight: bold; padding: 10px 10px 10px 20px;"><div class=""></div><div class="galileo-ap-content-editor text-container"><a href="http://r20.rs6.net/tn.jsp?f=001pskFNnutROgP4SHbYYI8DR2P1vH7j1XqV2JNyO3lFu5jLfTZzdd-ZUa1e8XL0LB8b9XZBp5j4JGXgHDO6SOMc-KUIVIjcoEThn4DdKBwPGmg3FCwCXvRUU_En_7vs1cV8Gjj4zAdeKU_IVmrWYYUaqo4Zz9X25Ob78HWQxJnha6bZ3LqMXhUiYX_zBog25K5FdNRNyG060NC7mAXC7WWWidSTOT-QJRrZ1_R7De2bYs=&c=KKV1CStavBP09Lg8Hir15FBgHTKRoBIy6ZXEZkB64L5-ccWLNEUQ2Q==&ch=7hYEEZAAGIkXLATzRB6fvyb-ZVk94ENvpp_BzLXWGNHCbW5-nyrPtQ==" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" style="color: rgb(54, 97, 189);" class="">The Science </a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="gl-contains-text"><table width="100%" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; table-layout: fixed; min-width: 100%;" class=""><tbody class=""><tr class=""><td class="editor-text article-text" align="left" valign="top" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; display: block; word-wrap: break-word; line-height: 1.2; padding: 10px 10px 10px 20px;"><div class=""></div><div class="galileo-ap-content-editor text-container">Check out some of the <a href="http://r20.rs6.net/tn.jsp?f=001pskFNnutROgP4SHbYYI8DR2P1vH7j1XqV2JNyO3lFu5jLfTZzdd-ZUa1e8XL0LB8b9XZBp5j4JGXgHDO6SOMc-KUIVIjcoEThn4DdKBwPGmg3FCwCXvRUU_En_7vs1cV8Gjj4zAdeKU_IVmrWYYUaqo4Zz9X25Ob78HWQxJnha6bZ3LqMXhUiYX_zBog25K5FdNRNyG060NC7mAXC7WWWidSTOT-QJRrZ1_R7De2bYs=&c=KKV1CStavBP09Lg8Hir15FBgHTKRoBIy6ZXEZkB64L5-ccWLNEUQ2Q==&ch=7hYEEZAAGIkXLATzRB6fvyb-ZVk94ENvpp_BzLXWGNHCbW5-nyrPtQ==" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" style="color: rgb(41, 141, 218);" class="">research flying</a>to the space station alongside Crew-1, and scientific investigations the astronauts will work on during their stay aboard the orbiting laboratory.</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td><td class="article editor-col OneColumnMobile" width="50%" align="left" valign="top" bgcolor="#ffffff" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><div class="gl-contains-image"><table class="editor-image editor-image-vspace-on" width="100%" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; table-layout: fixed; min-width: 100%;"><tbody class=""><tr class=""><td align="center" valign="top" style="padding-top: 10px; padding-bottom: 10px;" class=""><div class="publish-container"><a href="http://r20.rs6.net/tn.jsp?f=001pskFNnutROgP4SHbYYI8DR2P1vH7j1XqV2JNyO3lFu5jLfTZzdd-ZUa1e8XL0LB8b9XZBp5j4JGXgHDO6SOMc-KUIVIjcoEThn4DdKBwPGmg3FCwCXvRUU_En_7vs1cV8Gjj4zAdeKU_IVmrWYYUaqo4Zz9X25Ob78HWQxJnha6bZ3LqMXhUiYX_zBog25K5FdNRNyG060NC7mAXC7WWWidSTOT-QJRrZ1_R7De2bYs=&c=KKV1CStavBP09Lg8Hir15FBgHTKRoBIy6ZXEZkB64L5-ccWLNEUQ2Q==&ch=7hYEEZAAGIkXLATzRB6fvyb-ZVk94ENvpp_BzLXWGNHCbW5-nyrPtQ==" class=""><img alt="" class="" width="274" border="0" hspace="0" vspace="0" src="https://images-assets.nasa.gov/image/iss059e035465/iss059e035465~medium.jpg" style="display: block; height: auto !important; max-width: 100%;"></a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table><table width="100%" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0" class="galileo-ap-layout-editor" style="border-collapse: collapse; table-layout: fixed; min-width: 100%;"><tbody class=""><tr class=""><td class=" editor-col OneColumnMobile" width="100%" align="" valign="top"><div class="gl-contains-text"><table width="100%" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; table-layout: fixed; min-width: 100%;" class=""><tbody class=""><tr class=""><td class=" editor-text" align="left" valign="top" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; display: block; word-wrap: break-word; line-height: 1.2; padding: 10px 20px;"><div class=""></div><div class="galileo-ap-content-editor text-container"><div class="">The launch broadcast will start at 3:30 p.m. EST on November 14 and will be available <a href="http://r20.rs6.net/tn.jsp?f=001pskFNnutROgP4SHbYYI8DR2P1vH7j1XqV2JNyO3lFu5jLfTZzdd-ZS6yl-Scs6TAsph2nrpnhIS_-iIp0knkx9t1XsVI7fTEp62b2YHQuHUWP5GJBDZjW3PBNbE4ufntUYCr9k2mZVEq5bmGiD4TXw==&c=KKV1CStavBP09Lg8Hir15FBgHTKRoBIy6ZXEZkB64L5-ccWLNEUQ2Q==&ch=7hYEEZAAGIkXLATzRB6fvyb-ZVk94ENvpp_BzLXWGNHCbW5-nyrPtQ==" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);" class="">here</a>.</div><div class=""> </div><div class="">Want to share with friends, family, other space enthusiasts? We're happy to have them. Just forward them this email or the Virtual Guest web page to start: <a href="http://r20.rs6.net/tn.jsp?f=001pskFNnutROgP4SHbYYI8DR2P1vH7j1XqV2JNyO3lFu5jLfTZzdd-ZUa1e8XL0LB8wYPcNWCnEWtDh-JCzzHf-obmr6MT9ze6CxEn7vvmiZIN9nzt4WEdOklWWbOB1mA3e-fLjZqG22xysyDyqXiwlA==&c=KKV1CStavBP09Lg8Hir15FBgHTKRoBIy6ZXEZkB64L5-ccWLNEUQ2Q==&ch=7hYEEZAAGIkXLATzRB6fvyb-ZVk94ENvpp_BzLXWGNHCbW5-nyrPtQ==" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" style="color: rgb(41, 141, 218);" class="">https://go.nasa.gov/3jc1OCV</a></div><div class=""> </div><div class=""><span style="font-weight: bold;" class="">Let us know if you have any questions. Please remember, no launch activities will be held in-person. </span></div><div class=""> </div><div class="">The Virtual Guest Ops Team</div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class=""><div class="title-bar" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 2em 0px; caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: "Titillium Web", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;"><div class="addthis-wrap pull-right" style="box-sizing: border-box; float: right !important; padding: 0px; margin-bottom: 1em; width: auto; margin-left: 1em;"><div class="addthis-bar" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div id="ember23" class="ember-view" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div addthis:url="www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/station/research/news/spacex-crew-1-science-iss" addthis:title="Crew-1 Heads to Space Station to Conduct Microgravity Science" addthis:pubid="addthisforshare" class="addthis_default_style addthis_toolbox addthis_32x32_style" style="box-sizing: border-box; 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width: 572.703125px; padding: 0px;"><h1 class="title" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 2.2em; margin: 0px; font-family: inherit; line-height: 1.1; color: inherit;">Crew-1 Heads to Space Station to Conduct Microgravity Science</h1></div></div><section id="ember24" class="opened collapsible ember-view" style="box-sizing: border-box; max-height: none; overflow-y: hidden; caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: "Titillium Web", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;"><div class="text" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;"><div class="type-image dnd-atom-wrapper context-side_image" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0.5em 0em 3em 2em; max-width: 320px; float: right; clear: right; width: 320px;"><div class="dnd-drop-wrapper" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/thumbnails/image/1_jsc2020e032979.jpg" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(66, 139, 202); background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" class=""><img typeof="foaf:Image" alt="SpaceX Crew-1 official crew portrait" title="" style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; vertical-align: middle; max-width: 100%; margin-bottom: 10px;" apple-inline="yes" id="53920C52-35BD-4F90-BBE4-B6EC67AC09CE" src="cid:D143C24B-3822-4779-8235-250B2EE33930@home" class=""></a></div><div class="dnd-legend-wrapper" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11px;"><div class="caption" style="box-sizing: border-box;">The SpaceX Crew-1 official crew portrait with (from left) NASA astronauts Shannon Walker, Victor Glover, Mike Hopkins, and JAXA (Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency) astronaut Soichi Noguchi.</div><div class="credits" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">Credits: NASA</div><div class="link" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-image: inherit; background-size: inherit; background-attachment: inherit; background-origin: inherit; background-clip: inherit; background-color: inherit; padding: 0px;"></div></div></div><div class="type-image dnd-atom-wrapper context-side_image" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0.5em 0em 3em 2em; max-width: 320px; float: right; clear: right; width: 320px;"><div class="dnd-drop-wrapper" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/thumbnails/image/2_iss062e151904.jpg" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(66, 139, 202); background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" class=""><img typeof="foaf:Image" alt="NASA astronaut Chris Cassidy processes biological samples" title="" style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; vertical-align: middle; max-width: 100%; margin-bottom: 10px;" apple-inline="yes" id="D187BAD1-42D3-46D6-A5CC-E6A1ED9E20EE" src="cid:E372CE32-AC6A-4663-AE5C-DCE43F330F06@home" class=""></a></div><div class="dnd-legend-wrapper" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11px;"><div class="caption" style="box-sizing: border-box;">NASA astronaut Chris Cassidy processes biological samples for the Food Physiology experiment, which examines the effects of an enhanced spaceflight diet on immune function, the gut microbiome, and nutrition.</div><div class="credits" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">Credits: NASA</div><div class="link" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-image: inherit; background-size: inherit; background-attachment: inherit; background-origin: inherit; background-clip: inherit; background-color: inherit; padding: 0px;"></div></div></div><div class="type-image dnd-atom-wrapper context-side_image" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0.5em 0em 3em 2em; max-width: 320px; float: right; clear: right; width: 320px;"><div class="dnd-drop-wrapper" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/thumbnails/image/3_finsam_yujie_photo.max-800x800.jpg" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(66, 139, 202); background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" class=""><img typeof="foaf:Image" alt="GIS-7 student team members" title="" style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; vertical-align: middle; max-width: 100%; margin-bottom: 10px;" apple-inline="yes" id="2C2A3F2B-8AB3-4958-A2E4-AFEAD8783EBB" src="cid:FE401F2A-8884-4ACC-A16E-C6F4C5D0A7C6@home" class=""></a></div><div class="dnd-legend-wrapper" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11px;"><div class="caption" style="box-sizing: border-box;">Genes in Space-7 student team members Finsam Samson and Yujie Wang.</div><div class="credits" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">Credits: Genes in Space</div><div class="link" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-image: inherit; background-size: inherit; background-attachment: inherit; background-origin: inherit; background-clip: inherit; background-color: inherit; padding: 0px;"></div></div></div><div class="type-image dnd-atom-wrapper context-side_image" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0.5em 0em 3em 2em; max-width: 320px; float: right; clear: right; width: 320px;"><div class="dnd-drop-wrapper" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/thumbnails/image/4_radishes_3.jpg" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(66, 139, 202); background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" class=""><img typeof="foaf:Image" alt="Radish plants growing inside the space station" title="" style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; vertical-align: middle; max-width: 100%; margin-bottom: 10px;" apple-inline="yes" id="A3A71E89-872F-485E-817E-3E8B57A8359B" src="cid:B006EC98-2C26-4C93-9B64-7C6D61837E62@home" class=""></a></div><div class="dnd-legend-wrapper" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11px;"><div class="caption" style="box-sizing: border-box;">Radish plants are shown at mid-stage growth in the Ground Plant Habitat during Experiment Verification Testing. The Ground Plant Habitat is identical to the Plant Habitat on space station.</div><div class="credits" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">Credits: Matthew Bates/Techshot, Inc.</div><div class="link" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-image: inherit; background-size: inherit; background-attachment: inherit; background-origin: inherit; background-clip: inherit; background-color: inherit; padding: 0px;"></div></div></div><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 15px; -webkit-font-smoothing: inherit; font-size: 1em; line-height: 1.4em;" class="">Expedition 1 and Crew-1. These historic <strong style="box-sizing: border-box;" class=""><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/station/research/overview.html" target="_blank" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(66, 139, 202); background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" class="">International Space Station</a></strong> missions lifting off 20 years apart share the same goals: advancing humanity by using the space station to learn how to explore farther than ever before, while also conducting research and technology demonstrations benefiting life back on Earth.</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 15px; -webkit-font-smoothing: inherit; font-size: 1em; line-height: 1.4em;" class="">Crew-1, made up of NASA astronauts Shannon Walker, Victor Glover, and Mike Hopkins, and Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) astronaut Soichi Noguchi, continues the legacy of two decades of living and working in low-Earth orbit by becoming space scientists for the next six months.</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 15px; -webkit-font-smoothing: inherit; font-size: 1em; line-height: 1.4em;" class="">Not only will the Crew-1 astronauts and fellow Expedition 64 NASA astronaut Kate Rubins conduct hundreds of microgravity studies during their mission, they also deliver new science hardware and experiments carried to space with them inside Crew Dragon.</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 15px; -webkit-font-smoothing: inherit; font-size: 1em; line-height: 1.4em;" class="">Check out some of the research flying to the space station alongside Crew-1, and scientific investigations the astronauts will work on during their stay aboard the orbiting laboratory.</p><div style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 15px; -webkit-font-smoothing: inherit; font-size: 1em; line-height: 1.4em;" class=""><br class="webkit-block-placeholder"></div><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 15px; -webkit-font-smoothing: inherit; font-size: 1em; line-height: 1.4em;" class=""><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;" class="">Food Physiology: A better diet for better health</strong></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 15px; -webkit-font-smoothing: inherit; font-size: 1em; line-height: 1.4em;" class="">Spaceflight affects our bodies in numerous ways, including how our immune system functions. The <a href="https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/station/research/experiments/explorer/Investigation.html?#id=7870" target="_blank" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(66, 139, 202); background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" class=""><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;" class="">Food Physiology</strong></a> investigation documents the effects of dietary improvements on immune function and the gut microbiome and how those improvements can help crews adapt to spaceflight. A better understanding of food’s effects on physiology in microgravity can help scientists continue to improve the spaceflight diet and crew health.</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 15px; -webkit-font-smoothing: inherit; font-size: 1em; line-height: 1.4em;" class="">Resupply hardware for the Food Physiology study launches on the Crew Dragon spacecraft along with the Crew-1 astronauts. Once in orbit, NASA astronaut Victor Glover will collect biological samples to provide data to the scientists back on the ground for their continued study of how the dietary changes affect his body.</p><div style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 15px; -webkit-font-smoothing: inherit; font-size: 1em; line-height: 1.4em;" class=""><br class="webkit-block-placeholder"></div><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 15px; -webkit-font-smoothing: inherit; font-size: 1em; line-height: 1.4em;" class=""><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;" class="">Genes in Space-7: A look at astronauts’ brains</strong></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 15px; -webkit-font-smoothing: inherit; font-size: 1em; line-height: 1.4em;" class="">Also launching aboard Crew Dragon is a student-designed experiment, <strong style="box-sizing: border-box;" class=""><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/station/research/experiments/explorer/Investigation.html?#id=8350" target="_blank" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(66, 139, 202); background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" class="">Genes in Space-7</a></strong>. While attending Troy High School in Troy, Michigan, students Finsam Samson and Yujie Wang proposed a study of neural function aboard the space station as a part of the Genes in Space competition. Samson and Wang’s <strong style="box-sizing: border-box;" class=""><a href="https://www.genesinspace.org/news/press/genes-space-winning-high-school-team-perform-experiment-international-space-station/" target="_blank" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(66, 139, 202); background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" class="">winning</a></strong> experiment aims to better understand how spaceflight affects brain function, enabling scientists to keep astronauts healthy as they prepare for long-duration missions in low-Earth orbit and beyond.</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 15px; -webkit-font-smoothing: inherit; font-size: 1em; line-height: 1.4em;" class="">The competition invites students in grades 7 through 12 to design biology experiments that address real-world space exploration challenges. Previous contest winners have achieved significant milestones through their experiments, including the <strong style="box-sizing: border-box;" class=""><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/station/research/news/studying-dna-breaks-in-space" target="_blank" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(66, 139, 202); background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" class="">first</a></strong> use of gene editing technology in space. <strong style="box-sizing: border-box;" class=""><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/station/research/news/a-generation-of-researching-in-space/" target="_blank" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(66, 139, 202); background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" class="">Learn more</a></strong> about student research on the space station.</p><div style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 15px; -webkit-font-smoothing: inherit; font-size: 1em; line-height: 1.4em;" class=""><br class="webkit-block-placeholder"></div><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 15px; -webkit-font-smoothing: inherit; font-size: 1em; line-height: 1.4em;" class=""><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;" class="">Plant Habitat-02: Growing radishes in space</strong></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 15px; -webkit-font-smoothing: inherit; font-size: 1em; line-height: 1.4em;" class="">A new crop awaits Crew-1 aboard the space station. Radish seeds launched aboard <strong style="box-sizing: border-box;" class=""><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/station/research/news/ng14-research-highlights/" target="_blank" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(66, 139, 202); background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" class="">Northrop Grumman's 14th commercial resupply mission</a></strong> will be tended to by the soon-to-be space farmers as a part of <strong style="box-sizing: border-box;" class=""><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/station/research/experiments/explorer/Investigation.html?#id=7793" target="_blank" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(66, 139, 202); background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" class="">Plant Habitat-02</a></strong>.</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 15px; -webkit-font-smoothing: inherit; font-size: 1em; line-height: 1.4em;" class="">When astronauts travel to the Moon and Mars, they are likely to grow edible plants to supplement food brought from Earth. To produce nutritious food in space, we need to understand how the differences in gravity, atmosphere, and soil conditions affect the way plants grow. As part of ongoing efforts to produce food in space, the Crew-1 astronauts will tend radishes growing in different types of light and soils inside the <strong style="box-sizing: border-box;" class=""><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/station/research/Giving_Roots_and_Shoots_Their_Space_APH" target="_blank" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(66, 139, 202); background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" class="">Advanced Plant Habitat</a></strong>. Radishes are nutritious, grow quickly, and are genetically similar to Arabidopsis, a plant that scientists have frequently studied in microgravity.</p><div style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 15px; -webkit-font-smoothing: inherit; font-size: 1em; line-height: 1.4em;" class=""><br class="webkit-block-placeholder"></div><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 15px; -webkit-font-smoothing: inherit; font-size: 1em; line-height: 1.4em;" class=""><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;" class="">BioAsteroid: Microscopic microgravity miners</strong></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 15px; -webkit-font-smoothing: inherit; font-size: 1em; line-height: 1.4em;" class="">Microscopic miners are going to work in space. Microbes that interact with rock have many potential uses in future space exploration. They could help create life support systems that use regolith (the dust-like material on the surface of the Moon and other planets), break down rocks into soils for plant growth, and extract useful minerals from rocks. Gravity may affect how microbes and rocks interact.</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 15px; -webkit-font-smoothing: inherit; font-size: 1em; line-height: 1.4em;" class="">The Expedition 64 crew will work on the <strong style="box-sizing: border-box;" class=""><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/station/research/experiments/explorer/Investigation.html?#id=8308" target="_blank" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(66, 139, 202); background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" class="">BioAsteroid</a></strong> experiment to study these interactions, as well as whether physical and genetic changes occur in communities of microbes, also known as biofilms, in space. Results could help us understand the physical interactions of liquid, rocks, and microorganisms and could improve the chance of using locally found materials on future missions to build Lunar or Martian bases, requiring fewer resources to be brought from Earth, saving room and fuel on the trip.</p><div style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 15px; -webkit-font-smoothing: inherit; font-size: 1em; line-height: 1.4em;" class=""><br class="webkit-block-placeholder"></div><div class="type-image dnd-atom-wrapper context-side_image" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0.5em 0em 3em 2em; max-width: 320px; float: right; clear: right; width: 320px;"><div class="dnd-drop-wrapper" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/thumbnails/image/7_jsc2018e061032.jpg" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(66, 139, 202); background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" class=""><img typeof="foaf:Image" alt="tissue chip" title="" style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; vertical-align: middle; max-width: 100%; margin-bottom: 10px;" apple-inline="yes" id="6BF10811-1F3C-47BA-841A-68004F74200E" src="cid:E15874ED-EE0C-4C4C-B8C4-31E938707B80@home" class=""></a></div><div class="dnd-legend-wrapper" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11px;"><div class="caption" style="box-sizing: border-box;">During Expedition 64, investigations utilizing organ on a chip technology will include studies on muscle loss, lung function, and the blood brain barrier – all on devices the size of a USB flashdrive.</div><div class="credits" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">Credits: National Institutes of Health</div><div class="link" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-image: inherit; background-size: inherit; background-attachment: inherit; background-origin: inherit; background-clip: inherit; background-color: inherit; padding: 0px;"></div></div></div><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 15px; -webkit-font-smoothing: inherit; font-size: 1em; line-height: 1.4em;" class=""><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;" class="">Tissue Chips: Using space to study organs</strong></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 15px; -webkit-font-smoothing: inherit; font-size: 1em; line-height: 1.4em;" class="">Tissue chips are thumb drive-sized devices that contain human cells in a 3D matrix, simulating the functions of an organ. They represent a giant leap in the ability of scientists to test how those cells respond to stresses, drugs, and genetic changes.</p><div style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 15px; -webkit-font-smoothing: inherit; font-size: 1em; line-height: 1.4em;" class=""><br class="webkit-block-placeholder"></div><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 15px; -webkit-font-smoothing: inherit; font-size: 1em; line-height: 1.4em;" class="">A series of investigations to test tissue chips in microgravity aboard the space station is planned during Crew-1’s mission through a collaboration between the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (<strong style="box-sizing: border-box;" class=""><a href="https://ncats.nih.gov/" target="_blank" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(66, 139, 202); background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" class="">NCATS</a></strong>) at the National Institutes for Health (<strong style="box-sizing: border-box;" class=""><a href="https://www.nih.gov/" target="_blank" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(66, 139, 202); background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" class="">NIH</a></strong>) and the ISS National Laboratory (<strong style="box-sizing: border-box;" class=""><a href="https://www.issnationallab.org/" target="_blank" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(66, 139, 202); background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" class="">ISSNL</a></strong>) in partnership with NASA. The <strong style="box-sizing: border-box;" class=""><a href="https://ncats.nih.gov/tissuechip/projects/space" target="_blank" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(66, 139, 202); background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" class="">Tissue Chips in Space</a></strong> initiative seeks to better understand the role of microgravity on human health and disease and to translate that understanding to improved human health on Earth.</p><div style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 15px; -webkit-font-smoothing: inherit; font-size: 1em; line-height: 1.4em;" class=""><br class="webkit-block-placeholder"></div><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 15px; -webkit-font-smoothing: inherit; font-size: 1em; line-height: 1.4em;" class="">While Crew-1 is in orbit, they will conduct numerous tissue chip experiments including studies of lungs, bone marrow, the blood-brain barrier, and loss of muscle mass, known as sarcopenia.</p><div style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 15px; -webkit-font-smoothing: inherit; font-size: 1em; line-height: 1.4em;" class=""><br class="webkit-block-placeholder"></div><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 15px; -webkit-font-smoothing: inherit; font-size: 1em; line-height: 1.4em;" class=""><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;" class="">Cardinal Heart: An experiment with heart</strong></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 15px; -webkit-font-smoothing: inherit; font-size: 1em; line-height: 1.4em;" class="">Microgravity affects heart tissues; some of the changes have the potential to pose a risk on future long-duration space missions. An investigation known as <strong style="box-sizing: border-box;" class=""><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/station/research/experiments/explorer/Investigation.html?#id=8218" target="_blank" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(66, 139, 202); background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" class="">Cardinal Heart</a></strong> is designed to study changes in cardiovascular cells and tissues in microgravity using engineered heart tissues (EHTs). The investigation could help establish ways to predict cardiovascular risk prior to spaceflight. This work also could help identify how heart diseases develop on Earth and better ways to treat them. In addition, it advances the potential of EHTs to serve as a way to monitor systemic changes in diseased versus healthy individuals and provide new ways to develop countermeasures.</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 15px; -webkit-font-smoothing: inherit; font-size: 1em; line-height: 1.4em;" class="">Cardinal Heart uses tissue chips for part of the study. The investigation calls for the EHTs to be incubated and put under the microscope in space. The EHTs receive frequent media exchanges to keep them under appropriate conditions, and samples are collected at different times.</p><div style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 15px; -webkit-font-smoothing: inherit; font-size: 1em; line-height: 1.4em;" class=""><br class="webkit-block-placeholder"></div><div class="type-image dnd-atom-wrapper context-side_image" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0.5em 0em 3em 2em; max-width: 320px; float: right; clear: right; width: 320px;"><div class="dnd-drop-wrapper" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/thumbnails/image/5_nhq201910150008_orig.png" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(66, 139, 202); background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" class=""><img typeof="foaf:Image" alt="Kristine Davis inside a ground prototype xEMU suit" title="" style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; vertical-align: middle; max-width: 100%; margin-bottom: 10px;" apple-inline="yes" id="80036FF2-EE38-450E-99E8-29A4403D521A" src="cid:E3E9213E-0E74-4FD8-97C6-19C9CF56A218@home" class=""></a></div><div class="dnd-legend-wrapper" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11px;"><div class="caption" style="box-sizing: border-box;">Kristine Davis, a spacesuit engineer at NASA’s Johnson Space Center, wearing a ground prototype of NASA’s new Exploration Extravehicular Mobility Unit (xEMU). The xEMU suit improves on the suits previously worn on the Moon during the Apollo era and those currently in use for spacewalks outside the International Space Station.</div><div class="credits" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">Credits: NASA/Joel Kowsky</div><div class="link" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-image: inherit; background-size: inherit; background-attachment: inherit; background-origin: inherit; background-clip: inherit; background-color: inherit; padding: 0px;"></div></div></div><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 15px; -webkit-font-smoothing: inherit; font-size: 1em; line-height: 1.4em;" class=""><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;" class="">SERFE: Testing a cool space suit</strong></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 15px; -webkit-font-smoothing: inherit; font-size: 1em; line-height: 1.4em;" class="">Astronauts on spacewalks outside the space station would be exposed to wide temperature variations if not for the protection from their spacesuits. Those variations become more extreme as we explore the lunar surface. Spacesuits must insulate crew members from the significant changes outside while regulating any heat generated by the astronaut and equipment inside the suit. NASA’s next generation spacesuit, the Exploration Extravehicular Mobility Unit (xEMU), will use evaporation of water to remove heat from astronauts and maintain appropriate temperatures. The xEMU’s Spacesuit Water Membrane Evaporator is designed to remove the heat in the form of water that evaporates into the vacuum of space. The components of this thermal control loop have been reconfigured into a single package to be tested in the Spacesuit Evaporation Rejection Flight Experiment (<strong style="box-sizing: border-box;" class=""><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/station/research/experiments/explorer/Investigation.html?#id=7514" target="_blank" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(66, 139, 202); background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" class="">SERFE</a></strong>) on station.</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 15px; -webkit-font-smoothing: inherit; font-size: 1em; line-height: 1.4em;" class="">SERFE will enable engineers to determine how microgravity affects the thermal loop performance and evaluate how well the garment and technology responds after hundreds of hours of use in microgravity. SERFE will be subjected to 25 simulated eight-hour spacewalks. Once the test campaign is complete, it will return to the ground and be disassembled for material science and water-quality evaluations. The experiment will be conducted during Crew-1’s mission.</p><div style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 15px; -webkit-font-smoothing: inherit; font-size: 1em; line-height: 1.4em;" class=""><br class="webkit-block-placeholder"></div><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 15px; -webkit-font-smoothing: inherit; font-size: 1em; line-height: 1.4em;" class=""><em style="box-sizing: border-box;" class="">For daily updates, follow @</em><a href="https://twitter.com/ISS_Research" target="_blank" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(66, 139, 202); background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" class=""><em style="box-sizing: border-box;" class=""><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;" class="">ISS_Research</strong></em></a><em style="box-sizing: border-box;" class=""><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;" class="">, </strong></em><a href="http://www.nasa.gov/stationresearchnews" target="_blank" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(66, 139, 202); background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" class=""><em style="box-sizing: border-box;" class=""><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;" class="">Space Station Research and Technology News</strong></em></a><em style="box-sizing: border-box;" class=""> or </em><a href="https://www.facebook.com/ISS" target="_blank" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(66, 139, 202); background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" class=""><em style="box-sizing: border-box;" class=""><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;" class="">our Facebook</strong></em></a><em style="box-sizing: border-box;" class=""><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;" class="">.</strong></em><em style="box-sizing: border-box;" class=""> For opportunities to see the space station pass over your town, check out </em><a href="https://spotthestation.nasa.gov/" target="_blank" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(66, 139, 202); background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" class=""><em style="box-sizing: border-box;" class=""><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;" class="">Spot the Station</strong></em></a><em style="box-sizing: border-box;" class="">.</em></p><div style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 15px; -webkit-font-smoothing: inherit; font-size: 1em; line-height: 1.4em;" class=""><br class="webkit-block-placeholder"></div><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 15px; -webkit-font-smoothing: inherit; font-size: 1em; line-height: 1.4em;" class=""><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;" class=""><em style="box-sizing: border-box;" class="">Erin Winick</em></strong><br style="box-sizing: border-box;" class=""><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;" class=""><em style="box-sizing: border-box;" class="">International Space Station Program Research Office</em></strong><br style="box-sizing: border-box;" class=""><a href="http://www.nasa.gov/centers/johnson/home/index.html" target="_blank" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(66, 139, 202); background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" class=""><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;" class=""><em style="box-sizing: border-box;" class="">Johnson Space Center</em></strong></a></p><div class="editor-info" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-style: italic;"><div class="date" style="box-sizing: border-box;">Last Updated: Nov. 10, 2020</div><div class="editor" style="box-sizing: border-box;">Editor: Michael Johnson</div></div></div></section></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table><div class=""><br class=""></div></div></body></html>