<html><body style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><font face="HelveticaNeue" size="3" class="">good evening all,</font><div class=""><font face="HelveticaNeue" size="3" class=""><br class=""></font></div><div class=""><font face="HelveticaNeue" size="3" class=""> I hope everyone is doing well as time continues to pass so quickly. I am sure there are so many adjustments with on line learning, class participation, distancing, masks, emailing, and I’m sure many other variables none of us could have ever imagined….I’ve always said teasing is the moist challenging job in the world but also, the most rewarding...Kennedy Space Center is still closed to non essential personnel as concern for the virus remains high... all missions are still progressing as most are still supporting from home. It seems unlikely things will change the remainder of this year. </font></div><div class="">
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<!--StartFragment--><p class="MsoNormal"><font face="HelveticaNeue" size="3" class="">we
have to remember to always do our best, enjoy everything we do, believe in
ourselves, and let those we care about most know (I always say this, we all
need to take it to heart)…hugs &
smiles...love ya, Gabe</font><span style="font-size: 10.5pt;" class=""><o:p class=""></o:p></span></p>
<!--EndFragment--></div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class=""><p class=""><b class=""><br class=""></b></p><p class=""><b class=""><font face="HelveticaNeue" size="4" class="">Information for NG-14 Launch from Wallops on September 29: </font><font color="#ff2600" size="4" class=""><font face="HelveticaNeue" class="">BE SURE TO REGISTER FOR VI</font>RTUAL PARTICIPATION</font><o:p class=""></o:p></b></p><p class=""><font face="HelveticaNeue" size="3" class="">What do radishes, waste systems, and contained fire experiments have in common? They’re launching aboard NASA’s Northrop Grumman 14th commercial resupply services mission on September 29. <a href="https://www.eventbrite.com/e/nasas-northrop-grumman-14th-contract-resupply-mission-launch-registration-117312194933" style="color: rgb(149, 79, 114);" class=""><b class="">REGISTRATION</b></a> is open to <i class="">everyone </i>for virtual participation<i class="">.</i> Let NASA know you’ll be watching launch and to receive any schedule updates, related activities, and access to curated resources.</font></p><div class=""><img id="<29354F53-5413-45D3-968B-E48AB4D7E3A2@home>" alt="NHQ202002150008_orig.tif" class="Apple-web-attachment Apple-edge-to-edge-visual-media Singleton" style="opacity: 1;" apple-inline="yes" src="cid:29354F53-5413-45D3-968B-E48AB4D7E3A2@home"></div></div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class=""><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="100%" class="stylingblock-content-wrapper" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; min-width: 100%;"><tbody class=""><tr class=""><td class="stylingblock-content-wrapper camarker-inner" style="border-collapse: collapse; padding: 10px;"><table width="100%" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class=""><tbody class=""><tr class=""><td align="center" style="border-collapse: collapse;" class=""><a href="https://click.b.watchusfly.com/?qs=c180a89e751b64db8f36dd5f54dfb15ce194c46eaee66d4dae7d41a0cf2aa4cfeae7379e7572eed2ea6457450d641716dc5c13fc20de37b7" title="" data-linkto="https://" class=""><img src="https://watchusfly.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/WUFspacelogoNEW.png" alt="Watch U.S. Fly" width="600" style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; height: auto; border: 0px none transparent; display: block; padding: 0px; width: 325px;" class=""></a></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="100%" class="stylingblock-content-wrapper" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; min-width: 100%;"><tbody class=""><tr class=""><td class="stylingblock-content-wrapper camarker-inner" style="border-collapse: collapse; padding: 10px;"><div style="line-height: 32px;" class=""><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;" class="">NASA’s Space Launch System (SLS) is the largest, most powerful rocket ever built. It will be the premier vehicle to transport astronauts, cargo, and scientific experiments to the Moon. Astronauts on SLS will travel 240,000 miles (400,000km) on their journey from Earth to the Moon. That’s equivalent to 10 trips around the Earth’s equator. It will take three days for astronauts to reach the Moon. That’s four times longer than the longest commercial flights in the world.</span></div></td></tr></tbody></table><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="100%" class="stylingblock-content-wrapper" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; min-width: 100%;"><tbody class=""><tr class=""><td class="stylingblock-content-wrapper camarker-inner" style="border-collapse: collapse; padding: 10px;"><table width="100%" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class=""><tbody class=""><tr class=""><td align="center" style="border-collapse: collapse;" class=""><a href="https://click.b.watchusfly.com/?qs=c180a89e751b64db8f36dd5f54dfb15ce194c46eaee66d4dae7d41a0cf2aa4cfeae7379e7572eed2ea6457450d641716dc5c13fc20de37b7" title="" data-linkto="https://" class=""><img src="https://watchusfly.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/sls-TravelTime_08-18-2020.jpg" alt="NASA astronauts launching on SLS will travel to the moon" width="600" style="outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; height: auto; border: 0px none transparent; display: block; padding: 0px; width: 325px;" class=""></a></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="100%" class="stylingblock-content-wrapper" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; min-width: 100%;"><tbody class=""><tr class=""><td class="stylingblock-content-wrapper camarker-inner" style="border-collapse: collapse; padding: 10px;"><div style="line-height: 32px;" class=""><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;" class="">SLS will not only deliver astronauts to the Moon, but also to Mars and Deep Space. It will usher America into the next generation of space exploration. </span></div><div style="line-height: 32px;" class=""><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;" class=""><br class=""></span></div><div style="line-height: 32px;" class=""><div class="title-bar" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 2em 0px;"><div class="title-wrap" style="box-sizing: border-box; width: 565.203125px; padding: 0px;"><h1 class="title" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 2.2em; margin: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-weight: 600; line-height: 1.1; color: inherit;"><table id="pr-table1" width="700" style="margin: auto; padding: 0px; border: 1px solid rgb(190, 191, 185); vertical-align: baseline; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px; width: 700px; font-size: 18px; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;" class=""><tbody style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;" class=""><tr style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;" class=""><td style="margin: 0px; padding: 8px 10px; border: 0px; vertical-align: middle;" class=""> </td><td id="123" style="margin: 0px; padding: 8px 10px; border-width: 0px 1px 0px 0px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(190, 191, 185); vertical-align: middle; width: 700px;" class=""><br class=""><b style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;" class="">NASA Astronaut Kate Rubins Available for Interviews Before Her Return to Space</b><br class=""><table align="center" width="687" cellpadding="1" style="margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; border: 1px solid rgb(190, 191, 185); vertical-align: baseline; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px; width: 708px; font-size: 0.923em;" class=""><tbody style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;" class=""><tr style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;" class=""><td style="margin: 0px; padding: 10px; border: 1px solid rgb(230, 230, 230); vertical-align: middle; font-size: 14px;" class=""><div class="dnd-drop-wrapper" style="margin: 0px 0px 9px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/thumbnails/image/iss049e050595.jpg" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(0, 116, 189); text-decoration: none;" class=""><img typeof="foaf:Image" src="https://www.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/styles/full_width/public/thumbnails/image/iss049e050595.jpg" width="687px" height="auto" alt="NASA astronaut Kate Rubins in front of the windows in the International Space Station’s cupola module in 2016" title="" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;" class=""></a></div><div class="dnd-legend-wrapper" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="title" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Astronaut Kate Rubins in the cupola</div><div class="caption" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-size: 10px;">NASA astronaut Kate Rubins in front of the windows in the International Space Station’s cupola module during Expedition 49 in 2016.</div><b style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;" class=""><i style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;" class=""><div class="credits" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-size: 10px;">Credits: NASA</div></i></b><div class="link" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><a href="#" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(0, 116, 189); font-size: 10px;" class=""></a></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><p style="margin: 1em 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;" class="">NASA astronaut and biologist <a href="http://www.nasa.gov/astronauts/biographies/kathleen-rubins/biography" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(0, 116, 189); text-decoration: none;" class="">Kate Rubins</a> is participating on Friday, Sept. 25, in a final round of media interviews before her October launch to the <a href="http://www.nasa.gov/station" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(0, 116, 189); text-decoration: none;" class="">International Space Station</a>, the second space mission of her NASA career. <span style="color: inherit;" class="">The satellite interviews, live from Star City, Russia, will air on NASA Television and the agency’s</span><span style="color: inherit;" class=""> </span><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/live" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(0, 116, 189); text-decoration: none;" class="">website</a><span style="color: inherit;" class=""> </span><span style="color: inherit;" class="">from 7 to 8:30 a.m. EDT, preceded at 6:30 a.m. by video highlights of her previous spaceflight and training for her upcoming mission. </span><span style="color: inherit;" class="">To schedule an interview with Rubins, media must contact Sarah Volkman no later than 5 p.m. Wednesday, Sept. 23, at</span><span style="color: inherit;" class=""> </span><a href="mailto:sarah.e.volkman@nasa.gov" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(0, 116, 189); text-decoration: none;" class="">sarah.e.volkman@nasa.gov</a><span style="color: inherit;" class=""> </span><span style="color: inherit;" class="">and tune into NASA TV’s Media Channel (NTV-3) during the event. Satellite tuning information is available at: </span><a href="http://go.nasa.gov/1pOWUhR" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(0, 116, 189); text-decoration: none;" class=""><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;" class="">http://go.nasa.gov/1pOWUhR</strong></a></p><div style="margin: 1em 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;" class=""><span style="color: inherit;" class="">Rubins’ launch is planned for Oct. 14 aboard the Soyuz MS-17 spacecraft from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan with her Expedition 63/64 crewmates, Roscosmos cosmonauts Sergey Ryzhikov and Sergey Kud-Sverchkov. </span><span style="color: inherit;" class="">The first person to</span><span style="color: inherit;" class=""> </span><a href="http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/station/research/news/dna_sequencing" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(0, 116, 189); text-decoration: none;" class="">sequence DNA in space</a><span style="color: inherit;" class=""> </span><span style="color: inherit;" class="">(during her 2016 mission), Rubins will work on a cardiovascular experiment that builds on an </span><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/station/research/experiments/explorer/Investigation.html?#id=1657" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(0, 116, 189); text-decoration: none;" class="">investigation</a><span style="color: inherit;" class=""> she completed during her first space mission and conduct research using the space station’s</span><span style="color: inherit;" class=""> </span><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/station/research/experiments/explorer/Investigation.html?#id=7396" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(0, 116, 189); text-decoration: none;" class="">Cold Atom Lab</a><span style="color: inherit;" class="">. She’ll also be aboard the station for the arrival of NASA’s</span><span style="color: inherit;" class=""> </span><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/press-release/nasa-spacex-invite-media-to-first-operational-commercial-crew-launch/" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(0, 116, 189); text-decoration: none;" class="">SpaceX Crew-1</a><span style="color: inherit;" class=""> </span><span style="color: inherit;" class="">mission and</span><span style="color: inherit;" class=""> </span><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/feature/boeing-s-starliner-makes-progress-ahead-of-flight-test-with-astronauts" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(0, 116, 189); text-decoration: none;" class="">Boeing Orbital Flight Test-2</a><span style="color: inherit;" class="">. </span><span style="color: inherit;" class="">On Nov. 2, Rubins will celebrate with her crewmates the 20th anniversary of continuous human habitation of the space station – two decades of science and technology research and breakthroughs that are furthering America’s return to the Moon and human exploration of</span><span style="color: inherit;" class=""> </span><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/specials/moon2mars/" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(0, 116, 189); text-decoration: none;" class="">Mars</a><span style="color: inherit;" class="">. </span><span style="color: inherit;" class="">Follow Rubins and other NASA astronauts on</span><span style="color: inherit;" class=""> </span><a href="https://www.twitter.com/NASA_Astronauts" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(0, 116, 189); text-decoration: none;" class="">Twitter</a><span style="color: inherit;" class="">,</span><span style="color: inherit;" class=""> </span><a href="https://www.instagram.com/nasaastronauts/" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(0, 116, 189); text-decoration: none;" class="">Instagram</a><span style="color: inherit;" class="">, and</span><span style="color: inherit;" class=""> </span><a href="https://www.facebook.com/NASAAstronauts/" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(0, 116, 189); text-decoration: none;" class="">Facebook</a><span style="color: inherit;" class="">. </span><span style="color: inherit;" class="">Learn more about space station activities by following</span><span style="color: inherit;" class=""> </span><a href="https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__twitter.com_space-5Fstation&d=DwMFAg&c=ApwzowJNAKKw3xye91w7BE1XMRKi2LN9kiMk5Csz9Zk&r=DjCOY7g3Ql3dG1aBogkWRnB4XogRnuoZFZAyoFHDGSI&m=UlZgIuaCd4HITjENPWaheYJMbPVdvm6sSKa0bWKZkeg&s=1o-zK-NROXPJctijRyp5s_jzqhem0-U-Biyzwm4BIpo&e=" target="_BLANK羜" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(0, 116, 189); text-decoration: none;" class="">@space_station</a><span style="color: inherit;" class="">, and</span><span style="color: inherit;" class=""> </span><a href="https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__twitter.com_ISS-5FResearch&d=DwMFAg&c=ApwzowJNAKKw3xye91w7BE1XMRKi2LN9kiMk5Csz9Zk&r=DjCOY7g3Ql3dG1aBogkWRnB4XogRnuoZFZAyoFHDGSI&m=UlZgIuaCd4HITjENPWaheYJMbPVdvm6sSKa0bWKZkeg&s=_nhAIjxxJ3mj8bd3N3WPLjOg_O0w4M1h0TiieNHOVaQ&e=" target="_BLANK羜" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(0, 116, 189); text-decoration: none;" class="">@ISS_Research</a><span style="color: inherit;" class=""> </span><span style="color: inherit;" class="">on Twitter, as well as the</span><span style="color: inherit;" class=""> </span><a href="https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__www.facebook.com_ISS&d=DwMGaQ&c=ApwzowJNAKKw3xye91w7BE1XMRKi2LN9kiMk5Csz9Zk&r=DjCOY7g3Ql3dG1aBogkWRnB4XogRnuoZFZAyoFHDGSI&m=cnmscJbsVdsCdcsGL_7w5DXEOVDxWnjbKq5QfxwllnQ&s=gf_LecYTrhfTYb0Bk3zz1l8eHTCWDW9UBle7dcWq1B0&e=" target="_BLANK羜" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(0, 116, 189); text-decoration: none;" class="">ISS Facebook</a><span style="color: inherit;" class=""> </span><span style="color: inherit;" class="">and</span><span style="color: inherit;" class=""> </span><a href="https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__www.instagram.com_ISS_&d=DwMGaQ&c=ApwzowJNAKKw3xye91w7BE1XMRKi2LN9kiMk5Csz9Zk&r=DjCOY7g3Ql3dG1aBogkWRnB4XogRnuoZFZAyoFHDGSI&m=cnmscJbsVdsCdcsGL_7w5DXEOVDxWnjbKq5QfxwllnQ&s=_MEZaY4Yy9o8d6tVPnrbyflOtoJnHcZRMf2DxUzPKPw&e=" target="_BLANK羜" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(0, 116, 189); text-decoration: none;" class="">ISS Instagram</a><span style="color: inherit;" class=""> </span><span style="color: inherit;" class="">accounts and the</span><span style="color: inherit;" class=""> </span><a href="https://blogs.nasa.gov/spacestation/" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(0, 116, 189); text-decoration: none;" class="">space station blog</a><span style="color: inherit;" class="">.</span></div></td></tr></tbody></table></h1><div class=""><div class="title-bar" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 2em 0px;"><div class="title-wrap" style="box-sizing: border-box; width: 565.203125px; padding: 0px;"><h1 class="title" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 2.2em; margin: 0px; font-family: inherit; line-height: 1.1; color: inherit;"><div class=""><br class=""></div></h1><h1 class="title" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 2.2em; margin: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-weight: 600; line-height: 1.1; color: inherit;">NASA Missions Spy First Possible ‘Survivor’ Planet Hugging White Dwarf Star</h1><h1 class="title" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; font-family: inherit; line-height: 1.1; color: inherit;"><div class="title-bar" style="font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 2em 0px; caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: "Titillium Web", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-weight: normal;"><div class="title-wrap" style="box-sizing: border-box; width: 565.203125px; padding: 0px;"></div></div><section id="ember34" class="opened collapsible ember-view" style="box-sizing: border-box; max-height: none; overflow-y: hidden; caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: "Titillium Web", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-weight: normal;"><div class="text" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;"><div class="type-image dnd-atom-wrapper context-full_width" style="box-sizing: border-box; display: table; clear: both; margin: 0px auto 2em;"><div class="dnd-drop-wrapper" style="font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box;"><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/thumbnails/image/wd_1856.png" style="box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(66, 139, 202);" class=""><img typeof="foaf:Image" alt="In this illustration, WD 1856 b, a potential Jupiter-size planet, orbits its much smaller host star, a dim white dwarf" title="" style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; vertical-align: middle; max-width: 100%; margin-bottom: 10px;" apple-inline="yes" id="6FE096B7-E2B2-4759-988F-1DC426628902" src="cid:729E3B23-3182-40DC-9400-45096FCA22D9@home" class=""></a></div><div class="dnd-legend-wrapper" style="box-sizing: border-box; caption-side: bottom;"><div class="caption" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;" class="">In this illustration, WD 1856 b, a potential Jupiter-size planet, orbits its much smaller host star, a dim white dwarf.</span></div><div class="credits" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;"><span style="font-size: 14px;" class="">Credits: NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center</span></div><div class="link" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-image: inherit; background-size: inherit; background-attachment: inherit; background-origin: inherit; background-clip: inherit; padding: 0px;"></div></div></div><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 15px; -webkit-font-smoothing: inherit; line-height: 1.4em; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);" class=""><font size="3" class="">An international team of astronomers using NASA’s <a href="https://www.nasa.gov/tess-transiting-exoplanet-survey-satellite" style="box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(66, 139, 202);" class="">Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS)</a> and retired <a href="https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/spitzer/main/index.html" style="box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(66, 139, 202);" class="">Spitzer Space Telescope</a> has reported what may be the first intact planet found closely orbiting a white dwarf, the dense leftover of a Sun-like star, only 40% larger than Earth. The Jupiter-size object, called WD 1856 b, is about seven times larger than the <a href="https://imagine.gsfc.nasa.gov/science/objects/dwarfs2.html" style="box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(66, 139, 202);" class="">white dwarf</a>, named WD 1856+534. It circles this stellar cinder every 34 hours, more than 60 times faster than Mercury orbits our Sun. “WD 1856 b somehow got very close to its white dwarf and managed to stay in one piece,” said Andrew Vanderburg, an assistant professor of astronomy at the University of Wisconsin-Madison. “The white dwarf creation process destroys nearby planets, and anything that later gets too close is usually torn apart by the star’s immense gravity. We still have many questions about how WD 1856 b arrived at its current location without meeting one of those fates.” A paper about the system, led by Vanderburg and including several NASA co-authors, appears in the Sept. 17 issue of Nature and is now <a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-020-2713-y" style="box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(66, 139, 202);" class="">available online</a>. TESS <a href="https://www.nasa.gov/content/about-tess" style="box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(66, 139, 202);" class="">monitors</a> large swaths of the sky, called sectors, for nearly a month at a time. This long gaze allows the satellite to find exoplanets, or worlds beyond our solar system, by capturing changes in stellar brightness caused when a planet crosses in front of, or transits, its star. The satellite spotted WD 1856 b about 80 light-years away in the northern constellation Draco. It orbits a cool, quiet white dwarf that is roughly 11,000 miles (18,000 kilometers) across, may be up to 10 billion years old, and is a distant member of a triple star system. When a Sun-like star runs out of fuel, it swells up to hundreds to thousands of times its original size, forming a cooler <a href="https://exoplanets.nasa.gov/life-and-death/chapter-6/" style="box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(66, 139, 202);" class="">red giant</a> star. Eventually, it ejects its outer layers of gas, losing up to 80% of its mass. The remaining hot core becomes a white dwarf. Any nearby objects are typically engulfed and incinerated during this process, which in this system would have included WD 1856 b in its current orbit. Vanderburg and his colleagues estimate the possible planet must have originated at least 50 times farther away from its present location. </font></p></div></section></h1><div class="image slide-container" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1em; width: auto; height: calc(85% - 100px); caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: "Titillium Web", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; background-color: rgb(49, 49, 49);"><div id="ember185" class="loaded ember-view flex-wrapper col-xs-push-1 col-xs-10" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: relative; min-height: 1px; padding: 0px; float: left; width: 956.65625px; left: 95.66665649414062px; overflow: hidden; background-image: none; align-items: center; top: 50px; display: flex; height: 470.734375px; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"><br class=""><img class="img-responsive" alt="Artist’s impression shows a view of the surface of the planet Proxima b orbiting the red dwarf star Proxima Centauri" style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; vertical-align: middle; display: block; max-width: 100%; max-height: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 0.5s; margin: 0px auto; position: relative;" apple-inline="yes" id="7A0115D2-7F42-4039-889B-221D36BAA38D" src="cid:FE451159-AF5D-45FF-8C7F-6477BEF5607F@home"></div></div><div class="col-md-8 col-md-push-2 col-xs-push-1 col-xs-10" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: relative; min-height: 1px; padding: 0px; float: left; width: 765.328125px; left: 191.33331298828125px; overflow: hidden; background-image: none; background-color: rgb(49, 49, 49); caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: "Titillium Web", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px;"><div id="ember186" class="ember-view" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="content" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><div class="col-sm-12" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: relative; min-height: 1px; padding: 0px; float: left; width: 765.328125px; overflow: hidden; background-image: none; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"><div class="col-md-8" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: relative; min-height: 1px; padding: 0px; float: left; width: 510.21875px; overflow: hidden; background-image: none; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"><h3 id="title" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 24px; margin: 0.5em 0.5em 0.5em 0em !important; font-family: inherit; font-weight: 500; line-height: 1.1; color: inherit;" class=""><span style="box-sizing: border-box;" class="">Artist’s View of a Planet Where Liquid Water Might Exist</span></h3></div><div class="pull-right col-xs-12 share-wrapper col-sm-4" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: relative; min-height: 1px; padding: 0px; float: right !important; width: 255.109375px; overflow: hidden; background-image: none; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"><h3 style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 24px; margin: 10px 0px; font-family: inherit; font-weight: 500; line-height: 1.1; color: inherit;" class=""><div class="col-xs-9 addthis-wrapper" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: relative; min-height: 1px; padding: 0px; float: right; width: 191.328125px; overflow: visible; background-image: none; max-width: 200px; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"><div id="ember187" class="ember-view" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div addthis:url="https://www.nasa.gov/image-feature/artist-s-view-of-a-planet-where-liquid-water-might-exist?node=249506&feed=62&id=463923" addthis:pubid="addthisforshare" class="addthis_default_style addthis_toolbox addthis_32x32_style" addthis:title="Artist’s View of a Planet Where Liquid Water Might Exist" style="box-sizing: border-box; float: right; min-width: 180px;"><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/multimedia/imagegallery/iotd.html#" class="addthis_button_facebook" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(66, 139, 202); margin-bottom: 5px; line-height: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"></a><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/multimedia/imagegallery/iotd.html#" class="addthis_button_twitter" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(66, 139, 202); margin-bottom: 5px; line-height: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"></a><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/multimedia/imagegallery/iotd.html#" class="addthis_button_linkedin" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(66, 139, 202); margin-bottom: 5px; line-height: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"></a><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/multimedia/imagegallery/iotd.html#" class="addthis_button_pinterest_share" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(66, 139, 202); margin-bottom: 5px; line-height: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"></a><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/multimedia/imagegallery/iotd.html#" class="addthis_button_compact" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(66, 139, 202); margin-bottom: 5px; line-height: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"></a></div></div></div><br class=""></h3></div></div><div class="row" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px;" class="">A newly discovered, roughly Earth-sized planet orbiting our nearest neighboring star might be habitable, according to a team of astronomers using the European Southern Observatory's 3.6-meter telescope at La Silla, Chile.</p></div></div></div></div><h1 style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 36px; margin: 20px 0px 10px; font-family: "Titillium Web", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-weight: 500; line-height: 1.1; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);" class=""><br class=""></h1><h1 class="title" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; font-family: inherit; line-height: 1.1; color: inherit;"><section class="opened collapsible ember-view" style="box-sizing: border-box; max-height: none; overflow-y: hidden; caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: "Titillium Web", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-weight: normal;"><div class="text" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;"><div class="ember-view" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 15.399999618530273px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><div style="box-sizing: border-box;" class=""><br class=""><div class="context-full_width dnd-atom-wrapper type-iframe" style="box-sizing: border-box; display: table; clear: both; margin: 0px auto 2em;"><div class="dnd-drop-wrapper" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="scald-iframe-wrapper" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: relative; height: 544px; overflow: hidden; margin: 0px auto; width: 985px;"><figure id="attachment_47396" class="alignnone wp-caption" style="margin: 1.25rem 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "Open Sans", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; max-width: 100%; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: rgb(0, 0, 0); width: 678px;"><figcaption class="wp-caption-text" style="margin: 5px 0px 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 0.75rem; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-weight: 700; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1.4; vertical-align: baseline;">A synthesized false color image of Venus, using 283-nm and 365-nm band images taken by the Venus Ultraviolet Imager (UVI) on Japan’s Akatsuki orbiter. Credit: JAXA / ISAS / Akatsuki Project Team</figcaption></figure><p style="margin: 0px 0px 1.25rem; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "Open Sans", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);" class="">The announcement Monday of the discovery of phosphine gas in the clouds of Venus — an indicator of possible life — has raised hopes among scientists for new robotic missions to renew exploration of Earth’s planetary neighbor.</p><div id="mnet_video_div" data-google-query-id="CMHYrI-S-esCFT07swAdhXQIgg" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "Open Sans", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);" class=""></div><p style="margin: 0px 0px 1.25rem; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "Open Sans", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);" class="">If Rocket Lab founder Peter Beck gets his way, a privately-funded mission could get the next crack at probing Venus’s soupy atmosphere. NASA Administrator Jim Bridenstine also tweeted Monday: “It’s time to prioritize Venus.”</p><p style="margin: 0px 0px 1.25rem; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "Open Sans", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);" class="">“Life on Venus? The discovery of phosphine, a byproduct of anaerobic biology, is the most significant development yet in building the case for life off Earth,” Bridenstine wrote.</p><p style="margin: 0px 0px 1.25rem; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "Open Sans", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);" class="">Venus is home to a hellish landscape that lies at the bottom of an opaque atmosphere made of carbon dioxide, with scorching surface temperatures as hot as 880 degrees Fahrenheit (471 degrees Celsius). Sometimes called Earth’s “evil twin,” it’s the closest world to our own.</p><p style="margin: 0px 0px 1.25rem; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "Open Sans", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);" class="">At Venus’s scalding surface, the atmosphere is 90 times thicker than Earth’s, similar to the crushing pressure you would find 3,000 feet (900 meters) under the ocean. That doesn’t seem like an environment ripe for life.</p><p style="margin: 0px 0px 1.25rem; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "Open Sans", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);" class="">But scientists have suggested simple life forms could take refuge high in Venus’s atmosphere, where temperatures and pressures are similar to conditions found at sea level on Earth. Astronomers announced Monday that observations through ground-based telescopes detected phosphine in Venus’s clouds.</p><p style="margin: 0px 0px 1.25rem; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "Open Sans", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);" class="">Phosphine, made by combining a phosphorus atom with three hydrogen atoms, is only generated on Earth from microbes and industrial activity, scientists said. While a sliver of Venus’s atmosphere has the right temperature and pressure to harbor life, the region strewn with droplets of sulfuric acid and lacks water.</p><p style="margin: 0px 0px 1.25rem; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "Open Sans", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);" class="">“The real challenge is seeing whether any form of life could evolve to adapt to the incredibly acidic environment,” said Jane Greaves, a professor at Cardiff University in the United Kingdom who led the team that discovered the phosphine signature, <a href="https://astronomynow.com/2020/09/14/possible-evidence-found-for-life-on-venus/" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-weight: 600; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-decoration: none;" class="">in an interview with Astronomy Now.</a> “We just have no analogy (to those conditions) on Earth.”</p><p style="margin: 0px 0px 1.25rem; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "Open Sans", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);" class="">Scientists have also struggled to come up with how other types of chemical reactions might produce phosphine at Venus, and the ambiguity led Greaves and her team to conclude the discovery could point to “aerial” life forms suspended in the atmosphere.</p><p style="margin: 0px 0px 1.25rem; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "Open Sans", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);" class="">There’s one spacecraft currently flying around Venus — Japan’s Akatsuki orbiter — but its just the second orbiter sent on a dedicated mission to Venus in 30 years. The European Venus Express mission operated in orbit around the planet from 2006 through 2014.</p><p style="margin: 0px 0px 1.25rem; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "Open Sans", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);" class="">Both missions have primarily observed the atmosphere of Venus.</p><p style="margin: 0px 0px 1.25rem; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "Open Sans", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);" class="">The best maps of Venus’s surface were produced by <a href="https://solarsystem.nasa.gov/missions/magellan/in-depth/" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-weight: 600; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-decoration: none;" class="">NASA’s Magellan orbiter</a>, which bounced radar beams off the planet to measure its topography — with coarse resolution by today’s standards — from 1990 through 1994. And the last landing on Venus occurred in the 1980s.</p><p style="margin: 0px 0px 1.25rem; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "Open Sans", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);" class="">That could change in the coming years, with several concepts for robotic missions in the running for funding from NASA, the European Space Agency, Russia, and India.</p><p style="margin: 0px 0px 1.25rem; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "Open Sans", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);" class="">But none are sure to be approved. NASA has bypassed Venus proposals in past mission competitions, favoring robotic explorers destined for asteroids and other planets.</p><iframe seamless="seamless" width="985" height="544" src="https://imagine.gsfc.nasa.gov/hst_bday/" frameborder="0" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; top: 0px; left: 0px; width: 985px; height: 544px;" class=""></iframe></div></div></div></div></div></div></section></h1></div></div></div></div></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="100%" class="stylingblock-content-wrapper" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; min-width: 100%;"><tbody class=""><tr class=""><td class="stylingblock-content-wrapper camarker-inner" style="border-collapse: collapse; padding: 10px;"><table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 325px;" class=""><tbody class=""></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table></div></body></html>