<html><head></head><body dir="auto" style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;"><div dir="auto" style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;"><div dir="auto" style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;"><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"><div style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" class=""><div style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" class=""><div style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" class=""><div style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><div style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><div class=""><font face="HelveticaNeue" size="3" class="">Hi all,</font></div><div class=""><font face="HelveticaNeue" size="3" class=""><br class=""></font></div><div class=""><font face="HelveticaNeue" size="3" class=""> I’ve been trying to find some time to write as the holidays have come and gone…I’m not quite sure they even happened…it has been great to be home for a few weeks, I really enjoy the life I have in Florida…last year was so consumed with international travel and so many amazing adventures…one of the more fun things over the Holidays was having friends visiting from overseas to spend time…two separate families visited…last weekend I was at a fun place to visit in Florida…Old Town... where it is a throwback to the 50s with hundreds old cars lining the streets and then a big parade of cars… there is also a wonderful amusement park with all kinds of wild rides….on this occasion 2 of the kids wanted to go on a very fast roller coaster…called... MIND BLOWER...it was a pretty daunting sight at night... flyings through curves, loops, and drops…one of the kids decided there was no way he was going, leaving his sister stranded…sooooo, I went…I can not begin to imagine the last time I rode a roller coaster like this, if ever…:-) I had a bad car wreck about 7 years ago which caused severe neck and back issues…it did not occur to me that this might not be the best thing to do…as I say….I am gender limited…about 10 seconds into this maybe 3 minute ride, i realized this might not be the wisest move but everything turned out ok…neck was cracking and popping for a few days but seems no worse for the wear and I think I shared something special with a young friend…I am sure something we will both remember…thank you, Ana…</font></div><div class=""><font face="HelveticaNeue" size="3" class=""><br class=""></font></div><div class=""><font face="HelveticaNeue" size="3" class=""><object apple-inline="yes" id="284FFA50-78E7-4817-BB0A-9F9D1F6FEB5E" class="" data="cid:CC1BC8F1-E353-431A-9624-2D11E3592211" type="application/x-apple-msg-attachment" height="640" width="480" apple-width="yes" apple-height="yes"></object></font></div><div class=""><font face="HelveticaNeue" size="3" class=""><br class=""></font></div><div class=""><font face="HelveticaNeue" size="3" class=""><br class=""></font></div><div class=""><font face="HelveticaNeue" size="3" class="">I think the last time I wrote I was on a plane from Denmark back to the US, now I an on a plane to Norway…my first trip of 2020… a new decade…when i look back on the last ten years…it is simply beyond comprehension as to the changes in my life…everything so positive, most of it beyond my comprehension, especially with schools and even more so, International travel…there are no words to describe it...only that I am so very grateful for everything...every teacher, every student, every opportunity…the tens of thousands of friends I have made…so many amazing adventures…I think 14 countries…simply wonderful in every way imaginable…I have no idea what can possible be ahead but I do know I will enjoy it and be thankful for every adventure…</font></div><div class=""><font face="HelveticaNeue" size="3" class=""><br class=""></font></div><div class=""><font face="HelveticaNeue" size="3" class="">About 4 months ago, for no known reason, pictures started dropping from this email…I have tried everything to figure out why…recently sending test messages but never successful…my daughter has been trying to help, been in contact with many agencies…I hope it will be successful this time...</font></div><div class=""><font face="HelveticaNeue" size="3" class=""><br class=""></font></div><div class=""><font face="HelveticaNeue" size="3" class="">The space program continues to evolve with so many more advancements, so many countries and now commercial companies exploring space…it is awesome as it will only make it better for everyone, especially the thousands of kids who dream of going space…go to the subject links formal the latest...</font><font face="HelveticaNeue" size="3" class="">we
have to remember to do our best, enjoy everything we do, believe in ourselves,
and let those we care about most know (I always say this, we all need to take
it to heart)…hugs & smiles…:-) :-) love ya, Gabe</font></div><div class=""><u class=""><span style="color: red; font-size: 28px;" class=""><font face="HelveticaNeue" class=""><br class=""></font></span></u></div><div class=""><span style="font-size: 28px;" class=""><font face="HelveticaNeue" class="">to see the ISS from your home: </font></span><u class=""><span style="color: red; font-size: 28px;" class=""><font face="HelveticaNeue" class=""><a href="http://www.spotthestation.nasa.gov/" class="">www.spotthestation.nasa.gov</a></font></span></u></div>
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<!--EndFragment--><div class=""><font face="HelveticaNeue" size="3" class=""><br class=""></font></div><div class=""><font face="HelveticaNeue" size="3" class=""><br class=""></font></div><div class=""><font face="HelveticaNeue" size="3" class=""><br class=""></font></div><div class=""><span style="color: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-size: 2.2em;" class=""><b class="">NASA's Mars 2020 Rover Closer to Getting Its Name</b></span></div><div class=""><section id="ember753" class="opened collapsible ember-view" style="box-sizing: border-box; max-height: none; overflow-y: hidden;"><div class="text" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="type-image dnd-atom-wrapper context-full_width" style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; display: table; margin: 0px auto 2em;"><div class="dnd-drop-wrapper" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/thumbnails/image/1-13-20-cartoonrover-name20190625-16.jpg" style="box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(66, 139, 202);" class=""><object typeof="foaf:Image" alt="This illustration depicts NASA's next Mars rover, which launches in 2020" title="" style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; vertical-align: middle; max-width: 100%; margin-bottom: 10px;" apple-inline="yes" id="6E816E84-BFF7-4BB4-9877-D4DC95D946D5" class="" data="cid:6937DA48-EF8E-4493-A2D1-8AEB7850AC7A" type="application/x-apple-msg-attachment" height="360" width="640" apple-width="yes" apple-height="yes"></object></a></div><div class="dnd-legend-wrapper" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11px;"><div class="caption" style="box-sizing: border-box;">This illustration depicts NASA's next Mars rover, which launches in 2020.</div><div class="credits" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">Credits: NASA/JPL-Caltech</div><div class="link" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-image: inherit; background-size: inherit; background-attachment: inherit; background-origin: inherit; background-clip: inherit; padding: 0px;"></div></div></div><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 15px; -webkit-font-smoothing: inherit; line-height: 1.4em;" class=""><font size="3" class=""><font face="Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif" class="">NASA's Mars 2020 rover is one step closer to having its own name after 155 students across the U.S. were chosen as semifinalists in the "Name the Rover" essay contest. Just one will be selected to win the grand prize — the exciting honor of naming the rover and an invitation to see the spacecraft launch in July 2020 from Cape Canaveral Air Force Station in Florida. </font><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;" class="">The currently unnamed rover is a robotic scientist weighing more than 2,300 pounds (1,000 kilograms). It will search for signs of past microbial life, characterize the planet's climate and geology, collect samples for future return to Earth and pave the way for human exploration of the Red Planet. </span><font face="Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif" class="">"This rover is the first leg of a round-trip mission to Mars that will advance understanding in key science fields like astrobiology," said Lori Glaze, director of NASA's Planetary Science Division. "This contest is a cool way to engage the next generation and encourage careers in all STEM fields. The chosen name will help define this rover's unique personality among our fleet of Martian spacecraft.” </font><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;" class="">With more than 28,000 essay submissions received from K-12 students, NASA recruited volunteer contest judges from every U.S. state and territory. Nearly 4,700 eligible judge volunteers were selected from a diverse pool of educators, professionals, and space enthusiasts and were instrumental in selecting the semifinalists. </span><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;" class="">The next phases of judging will reduce the competition to nine finalists, and the public will have an opportunity to vote for their favorite name online in late January. The results of the poll will be a consideration in the final naming selection. </span><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;" class="">The nine finalists will talk with a panel of experts, including</span><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;" class=""> </span><a href="https://science.nasa.gov/about-us/leadership/lori-glaze" style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(66, 139, 202);" class="">Glaze</a><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;" class="">, NASA astronaut</span><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;" class=""> </span><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/astronauts/biographies/jessica-watkins/biography" style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(66, 139, 202);" class="">Jessica Watkins</a><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;" class="">, NASA JPL rover driver</span><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;" class=""> </span><a href="https://www-robotics.jpl.nasa.gov/people/Nick_Wiltsie/" style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(66, 139, 202);" class="">Nick Wiltsie</a><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;" class=""> </span><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;" class="">and</span><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;" class=""> </span><a href="https://mars.nasa.gov/resources/24667/clara-ma-then-and-now/" style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(66, 139, 202);" class="">Clara Ma</a><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;" class="">, who proposed the name for the Mars Science Laboratory rover, Curiosity, as a sixth-grade student in 2009. The grand prize winner will be announced in early March 2020. </span><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;" class="">For complete contest and prize details, including a full listing of the 155 state/territory semifinalists, visit: </span><a href="https://www.futureengineers.org/nametherover" title="https://www.futureengineers.org/nametherover" style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(66, 139, 202);" class="">https://www.futureengineers.org/nametherover</a><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;" class=""> </span><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;" class="">The naming contest partnership is part of a Space Act Agreement in educational and public outreach efforts between NASA, Battelle of Columbus, Ohio, and Future Engineers of Burbank, California. </span><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;" class="">NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, California, manages rover development for the agency. The Launch Services Program at NASA's Kennedy Space Center in Florida is responsible for launch management. </span><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;" class="">Mars 2020 is part of a larger program that includes missions to the Moon as a way to prepare for human exploration of the Red Planet. Charged with returning astronauts to the Moon by 2024, NASA will establish a sustained human presence on and around the Moon by 2028 through NASA's</span><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;" class=""> </span><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/specials/artemis/" style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(66, 139, 202);" class="">Artemis lunar exploration plans</a><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;" class="">. </span><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;" class="">For more information about the mission, go to: </span><font color="#428bca" face="Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif" class=""><span style="box-sizing: border-box;" class=""><a href="https://mars.nasa.gov/mars2020/" class="">https://mars.nasa.gov/mars2020/</a></span></font> <span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;" class="">For more about NASA's Moon to Mars plans, visit: </span><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/topics/moon-to-mars" style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(66, 139, 202);" class="">https://www.nasa.gov/topics/moon-to-mars</a></font></p><div style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 15px; -webkit-font-smoothing: inherit; font-size: 1em; line-height: 1.4em;" class=""><br class="webkit-block-placeholder"></div><div class="feature-credits" style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; box-sizing: border-box; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;"><span style="caret-color: rgb(26, 26, 26); color: rgb(26, 26, 26); font-family: "Titillium Web", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: x-large;" class="">Crew Ready for Spacewalk While Working Earth and Fire Research</span></div></div></section></div><div class=""><a href="https://flic.kr/p/2hwUQEH" style="box-sizing: inherit; color: rgb(0, 122, 204); text-decoration: none; box-shadow: currentcolor 0px 1px 0px 0px; font-family: Merriweather, Georgia, serif; font-size: 16px;" class=""><object class="size-full wp-image-9359" alt="NASA astronauts Jessica Meir and Christina KochNASA astronauts Jessica Meir and Christina Koch" srcset="https://blogs.nasa.gov/spacestation/wp-content/uploads/sites/240/2020/01/blog_iss061e006833.jpg 900w, https://blogs.nasa.gov/spacestation/wp-content/uploads/sites/240/2020/01/blog_iss061e006833-300x169.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 709px) 85vw, (max-width: 909px) 67vw, (max-width: 1362px) 62vw, 840px" style="box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle; display: block; margin: 0px;" apple-inline="yes" id="8ACAD7ED-773A-454B-99E0-DA1C9A2E626C" data="cid:44B2A778-AF0E-4B69-829D-AD9162DF5E46" type="application/x-apple-msg-attachment" height="360" width="640" apple-width="yes" apple-height="yes"></object></a><figcaption class="wp-caption-text" style="box-sizing: inherit; color: rgb(104, 104, 104); font-size: 0.8125rem; font-style: italic; line-height: 1.6153846154; padding-top: 0.5384615385em; font-family: Merriweather, Georgia, serif;">NASA astronauts Jessica Meir (left) and Christina Koch are pictured preparing to begin the historic first-ever all-female spacewalk on Oct. 18, 2019.</figcaption><figcaption class="wp-caption-text" style="box-sizing: inherit; font-style: italic; line-height: 1.6153846154; padding-top: 0.5384615385em;"><figure id="attachment_9359" class="alignnone wp-caption" style="box-sizing: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 1.75em; max-width: 100%; caret-color: rgb(26, 26, 26); font-style: normal; width: 900px;"><figcaption class="wp-caption-text" style="color: rgb(104, 104, 104); font-size: 0.8125rem; box-sizing: inherit; font-style: italic; line-height: 1.6153846154; padding-top: 0.5384615385em;"><font face="HelveticaNeue" class=""><span style="color: rgb(26, 26, 26); font-size: 16px; font-style: normal;" class="">The first of</span><span style="color: rgb(26, 26, 26); font-size: 16px; font-style: normal;" class=""> </span><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/press-release/nasa-tv-coverage-set-for-three-spacewalks-in-january" style="font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; box-sizing: inherit; color: rgb(0, 122, 204); text-decoration: none; box-shadow: currentcolor 0px 1px 0px 0px;" class="">three spacewalks</a><span style="color: rgb(26, 26, 26); font-size: 16px; font-style: normal;" class=""> </span><span style="color: rgb(26, 26, 26); font-size: 16px; font-style: normal;" class="">planned for January begins Wednesday to continue upgrading</span><span style="color: rgb(26, 26, 26); font-size: 16px; font-style: normal;" class=""> </span><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/station/main/index.html" style="font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; box-sizing: inherit; color: rgb(0, 122, 204); text-decoration: none; box-shadow: currentcolor 0px 1px 0px 0px;" class="">International Space Station</a><span style="color: rgb(26, 26, 26); font-size: 16px; font-style: normal;" class=""> </span><span style="color: rgb(26, 26, 26); font-size: 16px; font-style: normal;" class="">power systems and a cosmic ray detector. While the spacewalkers ready their suits and tools, the rest of the</span><span style="color: rgb(26, 26, 26); font-size: 16px; font-style: normal;" class=""> </span><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/station/expeditions/expedition61/index.html" style="font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; box-sizing: inherit; color: rgb(0, 122, 204); text-decoration: none; box-shadow: currentcolor 0px 1px 0px 0px;" class="">Expedition 61</a><span style="color: rgb(26, 26, 26); font-size: 16px; font-style: normal;" class=""> </span><span style="color: rgb(26, 26, 26); font-size: 16px; font-style: normal;" class="">crew is on science and maintenance duty today. </span><span style="color: rgb(26, 26, 26); font-size: 16px; font-style: normal;" class="">NASA Flight Engineer</span><span style="color: rgb(26, 26, 26); font-size: 16px; font-style: normal;" class=""> </span><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/astronauts/biographies/meir-u-jessica" style="font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; box-sizing: inherit; color: rgb(0, 122, 204); text-decoration: none; box-shadow: currentcolor 0px 1px 0px 0px;" class="">Jessica Meir</a><span style="color: rgb(26, 26, 26); font-size: 16px; font-style: normal;" class=""> </span><span style="color: rgb(26, 26, 26); font-size: 16px; font-style: normal;" class="">is partnering for a second time with fellow NASA astronaut</span><span style="color: rgb(26, 26, 26); font-size: 16px; font-style: normal;" class=""> </span><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/astronauts/biographies/christina-h-koch" style="font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; box-sizing: inherit; color: rgb(0, 122, 204); text-decoration: none; box-shadow: currentcolor 0px 1px 0px 0px;" class="">Christina Koch</a><span style="color: rgb(26, 26, 26); font-size: 16px; font-style: normal;" class=""> </span><span style="color: rgb(26, 26, 26); font-size: 16px; font-style: normal;" class="">for a pair of spacewalks set for tomorrow and Jan. 20. The duo is finalizing preparations for the two six-and-a-half hour spacewalks to replace batteries that store and distribute solar power. They will set their U.S. spacesuits to internal power at 6:50 a.m. and translate out to the</span><span style="color: rgb(26, 26, 26); font-size: 16px; font-style: normal;" class=""> </span><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/station/structure/elements/truss-structure" style="font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; box-sizing: inherit; color: rgb(0, 122, 204); text-decoration: none; box-shadow: currentcolor 0px 1px 0px 0px;" class="">Port-6 truss structure</a><span style="color: rgb(26, 26, 26); font-size: 16px; font-style: normal;" class="">. Once there they swap out old nickel-hydrogen batteries with new lithium-ion batteries.</span><span style="color: rgb(26, 26, 26); font-size: 16px; font-style: normal;" class=""> </span><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/live" style="font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; box-sizing: inherit; color: rgb(0, 122, 204); text-decoration: none; box-shadow: currentcolor 0px 1px 0px 0px;" class="">NASA TV</a><span style="color: rgb(26, 26, 26); font-size: 16px; font-style: normal;" class=""> </span><span style="color: rgb(26, 26, 26); font-size: 16px; font-style: normal;" class="">begins its live coverage</span><span style="color: rgb(26, 26, 26); font-size: 16px; font-style: normal;" class=""> </span><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/press-release/nasa-tv-coverage-set-for-three-spacewalks-in-january" style="font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; box-sizing: inherit; color: rgb(0, 122, 204); text-decoration: none; box-shadow: currentcolor 0px 1px 0px 0px;" class="">Wednesday at 5:30 a.m. EST</a><span style="color: rgb(26, 26, 26); font-size: 16px; font-style: normal;" class="">. </span><span style="color: rgb(26, 26, 26); font-size: 16px; font-style: normal;" class="">A third spacewalk is planned for Jan. 25 with NASA Flight Engineer</span><span style="color: rgb(26, 26, 26); font-size: 16px; font-style: normal;" class=""> </span><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/astronauts/biographies/andrew-r-morgan" style="font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; box-sizing: inherit; color: rgb(0, 122, 204); text-decoration: none; box-shadow: currentcolor 0px 1px 0px 0px;" class="">Andrew Morgan</a><span style="color: rgb(26, 26, 26); font-size: 16px; font-style: normal;" class=""> </span><span style="color: rgb(26, 26, 26); font-size: 16px; font-style: normal;" class="">and Commander</span><span style="color: rgb(26, 26, 26); font-size: 16px; font-style: normal;" class=""> </span><a href="http://www.esa.int/Our_Activities/Human_and_Robotic_Exploration/Astronauts/Luca_Parmitano" style="font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; box-sizing: inherit; color: rgb(0, 122, 204); text-decoration: none; box-shadow: currentcolor 0px 1px 0px 0px;" class="">Luca Parmitano</a><span style="color: rgb(26, 26, 26); font-size: 16px; font-style: normal;" class="">of ESA (European Space Agency). They will finish the thermal repair work on the</span><span style="color: rgb(26, 26, 26); font-size: 16px; font-style: normal;" class=""> </span><a href="https://cms.nasa.gov/mission_pages/station/research/alpha-magnetic-spectrometer.html" style="font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; box-sizing: inherit; color: rgb(0, 122, 204); text-decoration: none; box-shadow: currentcolor 0px 1px 0px 0px;" class="">Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer</a><span style="color: rgb(26, 26, 26); font-size: 16px; font-style: normal;" class="">they began last year. </span><span style="color: rgb(26, 26, 26); font-size: 16px; font-style: normal;" class="">Meanwhile, Morgan and Parmitano were on science duty today. The astronauts took turns safely burning fabric and acrylic samples to help scientists understand</span><span style="color: rgb(26, 26, 26); font-size: 16px; font-style: normal;" class=""> </span><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/station/research/experiments/explorer/Investigation.html?#id=7886" style="font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; box-sizing: inherit; color: rgb(0, 122, 204); text-decoration: none; box-shadow: currentcolor 0px 1px 0px 0px;" class="">how flames spread</a><span style="color: rgb(26, 26, 26); font-size: 16px; font-style: normal;" class=""> </span><span style="color: rgb(26, 26, 26); font-size: 16px; font-style: normal;" class="">in space. Results may inform the design of fire safety products and procedures on Earth and in space. The two crewmates also drew their blood samples, spinning them in a centrifuge for later analysis. </span><span style="color: rgb(26, 26, 26); font-size: 16px; font-style: normal;" class="">Cosmonaut Alexander Skvortsov spent the day servicing Russian life support equipment. On the science schedule, cosmonaut Oleg Skripochka continued setting up and testing hardware that will observe the Earth’s</span><span style="color: rgb(26, 26, 26); font-size: 16px; font-style: normal;" class=""> </span><a href="https://www.energia.ru/en/iss/researches/study/15.html" style="font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; box-sizing: inherit; color: rgb(0, 122, 204); text-decoration: none; box-shadow: currentcolor 0px 1px 0px 0px;" class="">mesosphere</a><span style="color: rgb(26, 26, 26); font-size: 16px; font-style: normal;" class=""> at different wavelengths.</span></font></figcaption><figcaption class="wp-caption-text" style="color: rgb(104, 104, 104); font-size: 0.8125rem; box-sizing: inherit; font-style: italic; line-height: 1.6153846154; padding-top: 0.5384615385em;"><font face="HelveticaNeue" class=""><span style="color: rgb(26, 26, 26); font-size: 16px; font-style: normal;" class=""><br class=""></span></font></figcaption><figcaption class="wp-caption-text" style="box-sizing: inherit; font-style: italic; line-height: 1.6153846154; padding-top: 0.5384615385em;"><div class="title-bar" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 2em 0px; caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: "Titillium Web", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-style: normal;"><div class="title-wrap" style="box-sizing: border-box; width: 538.953125px; padding: 0px;"><h1 class="title" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; font-family: inherit; line-height: 1.1;"><font size="5" style="color: inherit;" class="">NASA's Parker Solar Probe Sheds New Light on the Sun </font><font style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 14px;" color="#ff2600" class=""><a href="http://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/13282" style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 14px;" class="">Download this video in HD formats from NASA Goddard's Scientific Visualization Studio</a></font></h1><h1 class="title" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; font-family: inherit; line-height: 1.1;"><br class=""></h1><div class=""><object style="-webkit-user-select: none; display: block; margin: auto; padding: env(safe-area-inset-top) env(safe-area-inset-right) env(safe-area-inset-bottom) env(safe-area-inset-left); cursor: zoom-in;" apple-inline="yes" id="BAC3A9B4-8E41-4653-A4A0-50E141C822A0" class="" width="640" height="362" data="cid:650CB220-BEF6-4AC7-9DEE-9A218593650B" type="application/x-apple-msg-attachment"></object></div></div></div><section id="ember753" class="opened collapsible ember-view" style="box-sizing: border-box; max-height: none; overflow-y: hidden; caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: "Titillium Web", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-style: normal;"><div class="text" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 15px; -webkit-font-smoothing: inherit; line-height: 1.4em;" class=""><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;" class=""><em style="box-sizing: border-box;" class=""><font size="3" class=""><a href="https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/13484" style="box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration: none;" class="">View and download multimedia for the Dec. 4, 2019, media teleconference associated with this story</a>.</font></em></strong></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 15px; -webkit-font-smoothing: inherit; line-height: 1.4em;" class=""><font size="3" class="">In August 2018, NASA's Parker Solar Probe launched to space, soon becoming the closest-ever spacecraft to the Sun. With cutting-edge scientific instruments to measure the environment around the spacecraft, Parker Solar Probe has completed three of 24 planned passes through never-before-explored parts of the Sun's atmosphere, the corona. On Dec. 4, 2019, four new papers in the journal <em style="box-sizing: border-box;" class="">Nature</em> describe what scientists have learned from this unprecedented exploration of our star — and what they look forward to learning next.</font></p><ul style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px 0px 0px 40px;" class=""><li style="box-sizing: border-box;" class=""><a data-qa="message_attachment_title_link" href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-019-1813-z" rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank" style="box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration: none;" class=""><font size="3" color="#000000" class="">Alfvénic velocity spikes and rotational flows in the near-Sun solar wind</font></a></li><li style="box-sizing: border-box;" class=""><a data-qa="message_attachment_title_link" href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-019-1811-1" rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank" style="box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration: none;" class=""><font size="3" color="#000000" class="">Probing the energetic particle environment near the Sun</font></a></li><li style="box-sizing: border-box;" class=""><a data-qa="message_attachment_title_link" href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-019-1807-x" rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank" style="box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration: none;" class=""><font size="3" color="#000000" class="">Near-Sun observations of an F-corona decrease and K-corona fine structure</font></a></li><li style="box-sizing: border-box;" class=""><a data-qa="message_attachment_title_link" href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-019-1818-7" rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank" style="box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration: none;" class=""><font size="3" color="#000000" class="">Highly structured slow solar wind emerging from an equatorial coronal hole</font></a></li></ul><div style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 15px; -webkit-font-smoothing: inherit; line-height: 1.4em;" class=""><font size="3" class="">These findings reveal new information about the behavior of the material and particles that speed away from the Sun, bringing scientists closer to answering fundamental questions about the physics of our star. In the quest to protect astronauts and technology in space, the information Parker has uncovered about how the Sun constantly ejects material and energy will help scientists re-write the models we use to understand and predict the space weather around our planet and understand the process by which stars are created and evolve. “This first data from Parker reveals our star, the Sun, in new and surprising ways,” said Thomas Zurbuchen, associate administrator for science at NASA Headquarters in Washington. “Observing the Sun up close rather than from a much greater distance is giving us an unprecedented view into important solar phenomena and how they affect us on Earth, and gives us new insights relevant to the understanding of active stars across galaxies. It’s just the beginning of an incredibly exciting time for heliophysics with Parker at the vanguard of new discoveries.” Though it may seem placid to us here on Earth, the Sun is anything but quiet. Our star is magnetically active, unleashing powerful bursts of light, deluges of particles moving near the speed of light and billion-ton clouds of magnetized material. All this activity affects our planet, injecting damaging particles into the space where our satellites and astronauts fly, disrupting communications and navigation signals, and even — when intense — triggering power outages. It’s been happening for the Sun's entire 5-billion-year lifetime, and will continue to shape the destinies of Earth and the other planets in our solar system into the future.</font></div><div class="context-full_width dnd-atom-wrapper type-video" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; margin: 0px auto 2em;"><div class="dnd-drop-wrapper" style="box-sizing: border-box;"></div><div class="dnd-legend-wrapper" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11px;"><div class="caption" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br class=""></div><div class="link" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-image: inherit; background-size: inherit; background-attachment: inherit; background-origin: inherit; background-clip: inherit; padding: 0px;"><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);" class=""><font size="5" class=""><b class=""> On Dec. 28, NASA astronaut Christina Koch set a record for the longest single spaceflight by a woman, a 288-day flight</b></font> </span><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);" class="">.</span><img src="https://cdn.mos.cms.futurecdn.net/ugWh36X64neZjHWFDi4gY6-320-80.jpg" alt="NASA astronaut and Expedition 61 Flight Engineer Christina Koch handles science hardware stowed inside a cargo transfer bag on board the International Space Station in December 2019. Koch is setting a new record for the longest mission by a woman." class=" hero-image block-image-ads" srcset="https://cdn.mos.cms.futurecdn.net/ugWh36X64neZjHWFDi4gY6-320-80.jpg 320w, https://cdn.mos.cms.futurecdn.net/ugWh36X64neZjHWFDi4gY6-480-80.jpg 480w, https://cdn.mos.cms.futurecdn.net/ugWh36X64neZjHWFDi4gY6-650-80.jpg 650w, https://cdn.mos.cms.futurecdn.net/ugWh36X64neZjHWFDi4gY6-970-80.jpg 970w, https://cdn.mos.cms.futurecdn.net/ugWh36X64neZjHWFDi4gY6-1024-80.jpg 1024w" sizes="(min-width: 1000px) 970px,(min-width: 900px) 970px,(min-width: 700px) 970px,(min-width: 575px) 650px,(min-width: 360px) 575px" data-original-mos="https://cdn.mos.cms.futurecdn.net/ugWh36X64neZjHWFDi4gY6.jpg" data-pin-media="https://cdn.mos.cms.futurecdn.net/ugWh36X64neZjHWFDi4gY6.jpg"></div></div></div></div></section></figcaption></figure></figcaption></div><div class=""><header style="margin: 30px 1.5em 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "Open Sans", Arial, sans-serif; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; overflow: visible; caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" class=""><h1 style="margin: 0px 0px 0.5rem; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 34px; vertical-align: baseline;" class=""><font size="5" class=""><br class=""></font></h1><h1 style="margin: 0px 0px 0.5rem; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 34px; vertical-align: baseline;" class=""><font size="5" class="">800,000 Years Ago, a Meteor Slammed Into Earth. Scientists Just Found the Crater.</font></h1><div class="byline-social" style="font-size: 16px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;"><div style="margin: 0px 0px 0.5rem; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 23px; font-size: 13px; vertical-align: baseline; clear: both;" class="">By <span class="no-wrap by-author" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.livescience.com/author/mindy-weisberger" rel="author" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(2, 108, 162); text-decoration: none;" class=""><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;" class="">Mindy Weisberger</span> - <span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;" class="">Senior Writer</span></a></span> <time class="no-wrap chunk relative-date" datetime="2020-01-07T15:00:01+00:00" style="margin: 0px 1ex 0px 4px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: nowrap;">7 days ago</time></div><p class="strapline" style="margin: 0px 0px 1em; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 28px; font-size: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;">Scientists knew the impact happened; they just didn't know where.</p></div></header><section class="content-wrapper" style="margin: 0px 1.5em; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "Open Sans", Arial, sans-serif; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-size: 16px; vertical-align: baseline; overflow: visible; caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); color: rgb(51, 51, 51);"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-weight: 600; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;" class="">Related: </span><a href="https://www.livescience.com/15445-fallen-stars-gallery-famous-meteorites.html" data-track-type0="click" data-index0="3" data-component0="Inline links" data-count0="15" class="hawk-link-parsed" style="font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(2, 108, 162); text-decoration: none;"><u style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;" class=""><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-weight: 600; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;" class="">Fallen Stars: A Gallery of Famous Meteorites</span></u></a><div class="box" style="margin: 0px 0px 1em; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; display: table; float: left; clear: both; width: 602px;"><img src="https://cdn.mos.cms.futurecdn.net/CftyrhRcwvegQqY8ecG6d4-320-80.jpg" alt="A fiery meteor slams into Earth's atmosphere." class=" hero-image block-image-ads" srcset="https://cdn.mos.cms.futurecdn.net/CftyrhRcwvegQqY8ecG6d4-320-80.jpg 320w, https://cdn.mos.cms.futurecdn.net/CftyrhRcwvegQqY8ecG6d4-480-80.jpg 480w, https://cdn.mos.cms.futurecdn.net/CftyrhRcwvegQqY8ecG6d4-650-80.jpg 650w, https://cdn.mos.cms.futurecdn.net/CftyrhRcwvegQqY8ecG6d4-970-80.jpg 970w, https://cdn.mos.cms.futurecdn.net/CftyrhRcwvegQqY8ecG6d4-1024-80.jpg 1024w" sizes="(min-width: 1000px) 970px,(min-width: 900px) 970px,(min-width: 700px) 970px,(min-width: 575px) 650px,(min-width: 360px) 575px" data-original-mos="https://cdn.mos.cms.futurecdn.net/CftyrhRcwvegQqY8ecG6d4.jpg" data-pin-media="https://cdn.mos.cms.futurecdn.net/CftyrhRcwvegQqY8ecG6d4.jpg" style="margin: 0px 0px 15px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; display: block; width: 602px;"><div class="caption-text" style="margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 16px; font-size: 12px; vertical-align: baseline;">An ancient impact scattered bits of glassy debris from Asia to Antarctica, but the resulting crater has long eluded detection.</div><div class="credit" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 16px; font-size: 12px; vertical-align: baseline; word-break: break-word;">(Image: © Shutterstock)</div></div><div itemprop="articleBody" id="article-body" class="auto bodyCopy text-copy" style="margin: 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; clear: both; position: relative; word-break: break-word;"><div itemprop="image" itemscope="" itemtype="https://schema.org/ImageObject" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;" class=""></div><p style="margin: 0px 0px 1em; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1.5; vertical-align: baseline; width: 602px; height: auto;" class="">About 790,000 years ago, a <a href="https://www.livescience.com/difference-between-asteroids-comets-and-meteors.html" data-track-type0="click" data-index0="1" data-component0="Inline links" data-count0="15" class="hawk-link-parsed" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(2, 108, 162); text-decoration: none;"><u style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;" class="">meteor</u></a> slammed into Earth with such force that the explosion blanketed about 10% of the planet with shiny black lumps of rocky debris. Known as tektites, these glassy blobs of melted terrestrial rock were strewn from Indochina to eastern <a href="https://www.livescience.com/21677-antarctica-facts.html" data-track-type0="click" data-index0="2" data-component0="Inline links" data-count0="15" class="hawk-link-parsed" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(2, 108, 162); text-decoration: none;"><u style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;" class="">Antarctica</u></a> and from the Indian Ocean to the western Pacific. For more than a century, scientists searched for evidence of the impact that created these pitted blobs. <span style="font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit;" class="">But the crater's location eluded detection — until now. </span><span style="font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit;" class="">Geochemical analysis and local gravity readings told researchers that the crater lay in southern Laos on the Bolaven Plateau; the ancient impact was concealed under a field of cooled volcanic lava spanning nearly 2,000 square miles (5,000 square kilometers), the scientists reported in a new study. </span><span style="font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-weight: 600; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;" class="">Related: </span><a href="https://www.livescience.com/15445-fallen-stars-gallery-famous-meteorites.html" data-track-type0="click" data-index0="3" data-component0="Inline links" data-count0="15" class="hawk-link-parsed" style="font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(2, 108, 162); text-decoration: none;"><u style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;" class=""><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-weight: 600; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;" class="">Fallen Stars: A Gallery of Famous Meteorites</span></u></a></p></div></section></div><div class=""><header style="margin: 30px 1.5em 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "Open Sans", Arial, sans-serif; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; overflow: visible; caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" class=""><h1 style="margin: 0px 0px 0.5rem; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 34px; vertical-align: baseline;" class=""><font size="5" class="">No One Can Agree How Fast Universe Is Expanding. New Measure Makes Things Worse</font></h1><h1 style="margin: 0px 0px 0.5rem; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 34px; vertical-align: baseline;" class=""><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: 13px; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit;" class="">By</span><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: 13px; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit;" class=""> </span><span class="no-wrap by-author" style="font-family: inherit; font-size: 13px; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.livescience.com/author/adam-mann" rel="author" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(2, 108, 162); text-decoration: none;" class=""><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;" class="">Adam Mann</span> - <span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;" class="">Live Science Contributor</span></a></span><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: 13px; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit;" class=""> </span><time class="no-wrap chunk relative-date" datetime="2020-01-09T14:06:24+00:00" style="font-family: inherit; font-size: 13px; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; margin: 0px 1ex 0px 4px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: nowrap;">5 days ago</time></h1><div class="byline-social" style="font-size: 16px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;"><p class="strapline" style="margin: 0px 0px 1em; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 28px; font-size: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;">We just might need new physics to get out of this mess.</p></div></header><section class="content-wrapper" style="margin: 0px 1.5em; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; overflow: visible; caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);"><div class="box" style="font-size: 16px; font-family: inherit; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); margin: 0px 0px 1em; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; display: table; float: left; clear: both; width: 602px;"><img src="https://cdn.mos.cms.futurecdn.net/A9d9UKWLUET4peJLSJDjif-320-80.jpg" alt="Quasar Artist's Impression How Galaxies Refuel" class=" hero-image block-image-ads" srcset="https://cdn.mos.cms.futurecdn.net/A9d9UKWLUET4peJLSJDjif-320-80.jpg 320w, https://cdn.mos.cms.futurecdn.net/A9d9UKWLUET4peJLSJDjif-480-80.jpg 480w, https://cdn.mos.cms.futurecdn.net/A9d9UKWLUET4peJLSJDjif-650-80.jpg 650w, https://cdn.mos.cms.futurecdn.net/A9d9UKWLUET4peJLSJDjif-970-80.jpg 970w, https://cdn.mos.cms.futurecdn.net/A9d9UKWLUET4peJLSJDjif-1024-80.jpg 1024w" sizes="(min-width: 1000px) 970px,(min-width: 900px) 970px,(min-width: 700px) 970px,(min-width: 575px) 650px,(min-width: 360px) 575px" data-original-mos="https://cdn.mos.cms.futurecdn.net/A9d9UKWLUET4peJLSJDjif.jpg" data-pin-media="https://cdn.mos.cms.futurecdn.net/A9d9UKWLUET4peJLSJDjif.jpg" style="margin: 0px 0px 15px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; display: block; width: 602px;"><div class="caption-text" style="margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 16px; font-size: 12px; vertical-align: baseline;">An artist's impression of a quasar. New measurements of the universe's expansion have relied on the gravitational lensing of light from six quasars.</div><div class="credit" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 16px; font-size: 12px; vertical-align: baseline; word-break: break-word;">(Image: © ESO/L. Calçada/ESA/AOES Medialab)</div></div><div itemprop="articleBody" id="article-body" class="auto bodyCopy text-copy" style="margin: 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; clear: both; position: relative; word-break: break-word;"><div itemprop="image" itemscope="" itemtype="https://schema.org/ImageObject" style="font-size: 16px; font-family: inherit; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;" class=""></div><p style="font-size: 16px; font-family: inherit; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); margin: 0px 0px 1em; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1.5; vertical-align: baseline; width: 602px; height: auto;" class="">HONOLULU — A crisis in physics may have just gotten deeper. By looking at how the light from distant bright objects is bent, researchers have increased the discrepancy between different methods for calculating the expansion rate of the universe. <span style="font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit;" class="">"The measurements are consistent with indicating a crisis in cosmology," Geoff Chih-Fan Chen, a cosmologist at the University of California, Davis, said here during a news briefing on Wednesday (Jan. 8) at the 235th meeting of the American Astronomical Society in Honolulu. </span><span style="font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit;" class="">At issue is a number known as</span><span style="font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit;" class=""> </span><a href="https://www.livescience.com/hubble-constant.html" class="hawk-link-parsed" data-track-type0="click" data-index0="1" data-component0="Inline links" data-count0="11" style="font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(2, 108, 162); text-decoration: none;"><u style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;" class="">the Hubble constant</u></a><span style="font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit;" class="">. It was first calculated by American astronomer Edwin Hubble nearly a century ago, after he realized that every galaxy in the universe was zipping away from Earth at a rate proportional to that galaxy's distance from our planet. </span></p><p style="font-size: 16px; font-family: inherit; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); margin: 0px 0px 1em; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1.5; vertical-align: baseline; width: 602px; height: auto;" class=""><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-weight: 600; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;" class="">Related: </span><a href="https://www.livescience.com/65471-photo-timeline-big-bang.html" class="hawk-link-parsed" data-track-type0="click" data-index0="2" data-component0="Inline links" data-count0="11" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(2, 108, 162); text-decoration: none;"><u style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;" class=""><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-weight: 600; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;" class="">From Big Bang to Present: Snapshots of Our Universe Through Time</span></u></a></p><p style="font-size: 16px; font-family: inherit; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); margin: 0px 0px 1em; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1.5; vertical-align: baseline; width: 602px; height: auto;" class="">This does not mean that Earth is at the center of the cosmos. Instead, the finding told scientists that the universe is expanding and that there is a direct relationship between how far apart two objects are and how fast they are receding from one another. The Hubble constant has a value that incorporates this speed-distance connection. <span style="font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit;" class="">The problem is that, in recent years, different teams</span><span style="font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit;" class=""> </span><a href="https://www.livescience.com/hubble-constant-discrepancy-explained.html" class="hawk-link-parsed" data-track-type0="click" data-index0="3" data-component0="Inline links" data-count0="11" style="font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(2, 108, 162); text-decoration: none;"><u style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;" class="">have disagreed over what exactly this constant's value is</u></a><span style="font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit;" class="">. Measurements made using the cosmic microwave background (CMB), a remnant from</span><span style="font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit;" class=""> </span><a href="https://www.livescience.com/25126-big-bang-theory.html" data-original-url="https://www.livescience.com/34224-how-did-we-get-from-the-big-bang-to-the-universe-today.html" class="hawk-link-parsed" data-track-type0="click" data-index0="4" data-component0="Inline links" data-count0="11" style="font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(2, 108, 162); text-decoration: none;"><u style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;" class="">the Big Bang</u></a><span style="font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit;" class=""> </span><span style="font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit;" class="">that provides a snapshot of the infant universe, suggest that the Hubble constant is 46,200 mph per million light-years (or, using cosmologists' units, 67.4 kilometers/second per megaparsec).</span><span style="font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit;" class="">But by looking at pulsating stars known as Cepheid variables, a different group of astronomers has calculated the Hubble constant to be 50,400 mph per million light-years (73.4 km/s/Mpc). </span><span style="font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit;" class="">The discrepancy seems small, but there is no overlap between the independent values and neither side has been willing to concede major mistakes in its methodology. </span></p><div class=""><header style="font-size: 16px; font-family: inherit; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); margin: 30px 1.5em 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; overflow: visible;" class=""><h1 style="margin: 0px 0px 0.5rem; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 34px; font-size: 28px; vertical-align: baseline;" class="">All-Female Crew Sets Off for Historic 'Mars' Mission</h1><div class="byline-social" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;"><div style="margin: 0px 0px 0.5rem; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 23px; font-size: 13px; vertical-align: baseline; clear: both;" class="">By <span class="no-wrap by-author" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.space.com/author/chelsea-gohd" rel="author" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(175, 195, 233); text-decoration: none;" class="">Chelsea Gohd</a></span> <time class="no-wrap chunk relative-date" datetime="2020-01-08T11:54:45+00:00" style="margin: 0px 1ex 0px 4px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: nowrap;">7 days ago</time></div></div></header><section class="content-wrapper" style="margin: 0px 1.5em; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; overflow: visible;"><div id="article-body" class="auto bodyCopy text-copy" style="margin: 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; clear: both; position: relative; word-break: break-word;"><figure data-bordeaux-image-check="" style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); margin: 0px 0px 15px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; position: relative;" class=""><figure class="expandable-image" style="font-size: 16px; font-family: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; position: relative;"><img src="https://vanilla.futurecdn.net/space/media/img/missing-image.svg" alt="The Sensoria crew jumps for joy before entering the mock Martian habitat on Jan. 4, 2020. The crew will stay in the habitat until Jan. 18, 2020. " class="lazyautosizes lazy-image optional-image expandable lazy-image-loading lazyloaded" sizes="602px" data-normal="https://vanilla.futurecdn.net/space/media/img/missing-image.svg" data-src="https://cdn.mos.cms.futurecdn.net/FsDdJXVdJXzcwNDqLhLVSm-320-80.jpg" data-srcset="https://cdn.mos.cms.futurecdn.net/FsDdJXVdJXzcwNDqLhLVSm-320-80.jpg 320w, https://cdn.mos.cms.futurecdn.net/FsDdJXVdJXzcwNDqLhLVSm-650-80.jpg 650w, https://cdn.mos.cms.futurecdn.net/FsDdJXVdJXzcwNDqLhLVSm-970-80.jpg 970w" data-sizes="auto" data-original-mos="https://cdn.mos.cms.futurecdn.net/FsDdJXVdJXzcwNDqLhLVSm.jpg" data-pin-media="https://cdn.mos.cms.futurecdn.net/FsDdJXVdJXzcwNDqLhLVSm.jpg" srcset="https://cdn.mos.cms.futurecdn.net/FsDdJXVdJXzcwNDqLhLVSm-320-80.jpg 320w, https://cdn.mos.cms.futurecdn.net/FsDdJXVdJXzcwNDqLhLVSm-650-80.jpg 650w, https://cdn.mos.cms.futurecdn.net/FsDdJXVdJXzcwNDqLhLVSm-970-80.jpg 970w" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; display: block; top: 0px; left: 0px; width: 602px; height: auto;"><div class="expand icon icon-expand-image" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1.5; font-size: 19px; vertical-align: baseline; visibility: visible; width: 32px; height: 32px; background-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); position: absolute; top: 0px; right: 0px; opacity: 0.5; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); cursor: pointer; text-align: center;"></div></figure><div class=""><font face="HelveticaNeue" class=""><br class="webkit-block-placeholder"></font></div><figcaption itemprop="caption description" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 16px; vertical-align: baseline; display: inline-block; width: 602px;" class=""><font face="HelveticaNeue" class=""><span class="caption-text" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 16px; vertical-align: baseline;">The Sensoria crew jumps for joy before entering the mock Martian habitat on Jan. 4, 2020. The crew will stay in the habitat until Jan. 18, 2020. </span><span class="credit" itemprop="copyrightHolder" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 16px; vertical-align: baseline; word-break: break-word; display: inline-block;">(Image credit: SENSORIA Program)</span></font></figcaption></figure><p style="margin: 0px 0px 1em; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1.5; vertical-align: baseline; width: 602px; height: auto;" class=""><font face="HelveticaNeue" size="3" class="">This past Saturday (Jan. 4) in Hawaii, on the remote slopes of Mauna Loa, the largest volcano in the world, six scientists embarked on a historic "mission to Mars." <font color="#000000" style="font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit;" class=""><a href="https://www.space.com/2472-mars-analog-earth-trek-outback.html" target="_blank" data-track-type0="click" data-index0="1" data-component0="Inline links" data-count0="19" class="hawk-link-parsed" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; text-decoration: none;">Analog astronaut missions</a> place scientists and explorers in remote locations on Earth that physically resemble cosmic destinations like the moon and Mars. There, the researchers explore and perform research as if they were in space. This both generates important scientific data and informs space agencies about what it might be like to step foot on those far-off surfaces. </font><span style="font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit;" class="">One such crew of analog astronauts set off this weekend on Sensoria I, the inaugural outing in</span><span style="font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit;" class=""> </span><a href="https://www.sensoria.space/crew" target="_blank" data-track-type0="click" data-index0="2" data-component0="Inline links" data-count0="19" class="hawk-link-parsed" style="font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; text-decoration: none;">the Sensoria project</a><span style="font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit;" class="">. This series of missions will take place at</span><span style="font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit;" class=""> </span><a href="https://www.space.com/33941-inside-hiseas-isolation-habitat-hawaii.html" target="_blank" data-track-type0="click" data-index0="3" data-component0="Inline links" data-count0="19" class="hawk-link-parsed" style="font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; text-decoration: none;">HI-SEAS</a><span style="font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit;" class=""> (the Hawaii Space Exploration Analog and Simulation), an analog Mars habitat for human researchers. Sensoria I will last from Jan. 4 to Jan. 18, when the crew will emerge from the "Martian" habitat. The Sensoria program is unique for a number of reasons, but one that stands is that this is the first HI-SEAS crew to consist of all women.</span></font></p></div></section></div></div></section></div><div class=""><header style="margin: 30px 1.5em 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; overflow: visible; caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" class=""><h1 style="margin: 0px 0px 0.5rem; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 34px; vertical-align: baseline;" class=""><font size="5" class="">An Earth-size planet in the habitable zone? New NASA discovery is one special world.</font></h1></header><section class="content-wrapper" style="margin: 0px 1.5em; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "Open Sans", Arial, sans-serif; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-size: 16px; vertical-align: baseline; overflow: visible; caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);"><font color="#333333" face="inherit" class=""><span style="font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-left: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; width: 602px;" class=""><img src="https://cdn.mos.cms.futurecdn.net/UqbGJbvziT6CQVtidZUV25-320-80.jpg" alt="An artist's depiction of the planet TOI 700 d." class=" hero-image block-image-ads" srcset="https://cdn.mos.cms.futurecdn.net/UqbGJbvziT6CQVtidZUV25-320-80.jpg 320w, https://cdn.mos.cms.futurecdn.net/UqbGJbvziT6CQVtidZUV25-480-80.jpg 480w, https://cdn.mos.cms.futurecdn.net/UqbGJbvziT6CQVtidZUV25-650-80.jpg 650w, https://cdn.mos.cms.futurecdn.net/UqbGJbvziT6CQVtidZUV25-970-80.jpg 970w, https://cdn.mos.cms.futurecdn.net/UqbGJbvziT6CQVtidZUV25-1024-80.jpg 1024w" sizes="(min-width: 1000px) 970px,(min-width: 900px) 970px,(min-width: 700px) 970px,(min-width: 575px) 650px,(min-width: 360px) 575px" data-original-mos="https://cdn.mos.cms.futurecdn.net/UqbGJbvziT6CQVtidZUV25.jpg" data-pin-media="https://cdn.mos.cms.futurecdn.net/UqbGJbvziT6CQVtidZUV25.jpg" style="font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 15px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; display: block; width: 602px;"></span></font><div class="box" style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); margin: 0px 0px 1em; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; display: table; float: left; clear: both; width: 602px;"><div class="caption-text" style="margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 16px; font-size: 12px; vertical-align: baseline;">An artist's depiction of the planet TOI 700 d.</div><div class="credit" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 16px; font-size: 12px; vertical-align: baseline; word-break: break-word;">(Image: © NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center/Chris Smith (USRA))</div></div><div id="article-body" class="auto bodyCopy text-copy" style="margin: 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; clear: both; position: relative; word-break: break-word;"><p style="margin: 0px 0px 1em; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1.5; vertical-align: baseline; width: 602px; height: auto;" class="">HONOLULU — When scientists search for alien planets, they get a special thrill when they find one that seems to reflect our own world back to us.</p><p style="margin: 0px 0px 1em; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1.5; vertical-align: baseline; width: 602px; height: auto;" class=""><font color="#000000" class=""><a href="https://www.space.com/nasa-tess-first-earth-size-habitable-exoplanet-toi-700d.html" data-track-type0="click" data-index0="1" data-component0="Inline links" data-count0="24" class="hawk-link-parsed" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; text-decoration: none;"><u style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;" class="">TOI 700 d is the newest member of that elite club</u></a>. The planet was discovered courtesy of NASA's Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite, or TESS, as one of three worlds in a distant solar system. Unlike its neighbors — and the vast majority of planets scientists have identified so far — it seems to be about the same size as Earth and to orbit its star at a distance that would allow water to remain liquid on its surface. The discovery was announced here on Jan. 6 at the <a href="https://www.space.com/topics/american-astronomical-society" data-track-type0="click" data-index0="2" data-component0="Inline links" data-count0="24" class="hawk-link-parsed" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; text-decoration: none;"><u style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;" class="">235th meeting of the American Astronomical Society</u></a>.</font></p><aside class="hawk-widget" data-render-type="fte" data-widget-type="seasonal" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; --trd-blue: #2f6e91; width: 602px; --black: #000; --white: #fff; --yellow: #ffd800; --green: #3c8d0d; --orange: #ff6f28; --red: red; --pink: #e6248a; --light-blue: #97edfc; --mid-grey: #333; --light-grey: #eaeaea; --grey: #adadad; --dark-grey: #545454; --light-mid-grey: #ccc; --prime-blue: #00aeef; --prime-green: #eaf7e9; --lighter-mid-grey: #ebebeb; --game-platform-grey: #dbddde; --amazon-orange: #ffce00; --amazon-prime-day-blue: #70b7d9; --error-red: #f33f3f; --playstation-blue: #003791; --xbox-green: #107c10; --nintendo-red: #e60012; --trd-pink: #e6248a; --trd-light-pink: #ea489d; --trd-grey: #ededed; --trd-dark-grey: #333; --trd-dark-blue: #315062; --site-color: #5aaf0b; --heading-color: #2f6e91; --tab-color: var(--trd-blue); --cc-border-color: var(--light-mid-grey); --expanded-row-color: var(--trd-blue); --expanded-row-box-shadow: 4px 4px 20px var(--expanded-row-color); --toggle-color: var(--trd-blue); --toggle-switch-color: var(--trd-blue); --editors-pick-promo-color: var(--trd-blue); --editors-pick-promo-rgba-color: rgba(47,110,145,0.3); --model-options-filter-color: var(--pink); --filter-border-color: #c1c1c1; --filter-hover-border-color: #535353; --filter-selected-hover-border-color: #666; --review-filters-border-color: var(--filter-border-color); --countdown-in-progress-color: var(--trd-pink); --rows-background-color: var(--white); --mpu-header-height: 19px; --mpu-header-background: none; --mpu-header-padding: 10px 0; --hawk-footer-background: var(--trd-grey); --hawk-footer-game-platform-border: solid 1px var(--game-platform-grey); --site-logo-width: 100%; --site-logo-max-width: none; --hawk-tab-text-color: #666; --hawk-tab-background: #d6d6d6; --review-background: var(--trd-grey); --review-rows-background: var(--white); --review-peacock-background: var(--white); --product-label-background: var(--light-grey); --product-label-text-color: var(--black); --seasonal-event-grey: #797979; --seasonal-event-dark-grey: #313131; --seasonal-event-merchants-background: var(--white); --game-platform-background: transparent; --price-widget-padding: none; --price-widget-border-bottom: none; --postcode-entry-button-color: var(--site-color); --was-price-text-color: #848484; --was-price-promo-color: #be0707; --was-price-light-promo-color: #ededed; --was-price-light-promo-text-color: #be0707; --dotw-header-border-top: 1px solid #ddd; --dotw-header-border-bottom: 4px solid #006ea9; --dotw-toggle-background-color: #1b1b1b; --dotw-search-input-border-color: #ddd; --dotw-header-background: transparent; --dotw-header-text-color: var(--black); --hover-panel-color: orange; --tv-channels-display-label-color: #696969;"></aside><p style="margin: 0px 0px 1em; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1.5; vertical-align: baseline; width: 602px; height: auto;" class="">As an Earth-size planet in its star's habitable zone, TOI 700 d is a big deal for scientists. "We really want to understand the question, could life form on these planets around very small stars? And this is kind of a nice big step towards that goal," Joseph Rodriguez, an astronomer at the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics in Massachusetts, told <a href="http://space.com/" class="">Space.com</a>. "We're nowhere near it yet and we're talking, probably, decades, if not much, much longer to answer this question. but we're making steps towards <a href="https://www.space.com/41049-world-ufo-day-are-we-alone-seti-study.html" data-track-type0="click" data-index0="3" data-component0="Inline links" data-count0="24" class="hawk-link-parsed" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; text-decoration: none;"><u style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;" class="">arguably one of the biggest questions in science</u></a> — and not just science but philosophy, religion and a lot of other things."</p></div></section></div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class=""><h1 style="margin: 0px 0px 0.5rem; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "Open Sans", Arial, sans-serif; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 34px; vertical-align: baseline; caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" class=""><font size="5" class="">A Mars sample-return mission is coming. Scientists want the public to know what to expect.</font></h1></div><div class=""><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "Open Sans", Arial, sans-serif; font-weight: 600; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-size: 16px; vertical-align: baseline; caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" class="">Related:</span><a href="https://www.space.com/16851-most-audacious-mars-missions-ever.html" data-track-type0="click" data-index0="7" data-component0="Inline links" data-count0="20" class="hawk-link-parsed" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "Open Sans", Arial, sans-serif; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-size: 16px; vertical-align: baseline; text-decoration: none;"> <u style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;" class=""><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-weight: 600; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;" class="">The Boldest Mars Missions in History</span></u></a></div><div class=""><img src="https://cdn.mos.cms.futurecdn.net/2aCveQrnqXEmX5aQjgJT4d-320-80.jpg" alt="Artist's illustration of NASA's planned Mars Ascent Vehicle launching samples off the surface of the Red Planet." class=" hero-image block-image-ads" srcset="https://cdn.mos.cms.futurecdn.net/2aCveQrnqXEmX5aQjgJT4d-320-80.jpg 320w, https://cdn.mos.cms.futurecdn.net/2aCveQrnqXEmX5aQjgJT4d-480-80.jpg 480w, https://cdn.mos.cms.futurecdn.net/2aCveQrnqXEmX5aQjgJT4d-650-80.jpg 650w, https://cdn.mos.cms.futurecdn.net/2aCveQrnqXEmX5aQjgJT4d-970-80.jpg 970w, https://cdn.mos.cms.futurecdn.net/2aCveQrnqXEmX5aQjgJT4d-1024-80.jpg 1024w" sizes="(min-width: 1000px) 970px,(min-width: 900px) 970px,(min-width: 700px) 970px,(min-width: 575px) 650px,(min-width: 360px) 575px" data-original-mos="https://cdn.mos.cms.futurecdn.net/2aCveQrnqXEmX5aQjgJT4d.jpg" data-pin-media="https://cdn.mos.cms.futurecdn.net/2aCveQrnqXEmX5aQjgJT4d.jpg" style="margin: 0px 0px 15px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "Open Sans", Arial, sans-serif; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-size: 16px; vertical-align: baseline; display: block; width: 602px; caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); color: rgb(51, 51, 51);"><div class="caption-text" style="margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "Open Sans", Arial, sans-serif; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 16px; font-size: 12px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);">Artist's illustration of NASA's planned Mars Ascent Vehicle launching samples off the surface of the Red Planet.</div><div class="credit" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "Open Sans", Arial, sans-serif; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 16px; font-size: 12px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); word-break: break-word; caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);">(Image: © NASA/JPL-Caltch)</div></div><div class="credit" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "Open Sans", Arial, sans-serif; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 16px; font-size: 12px; vertical-align: baseline; word-break: break-word; caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);"><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);" class=""><br class=""></span></div><div class="credit" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: "Open Sans", Arial, sans-serif; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 16px; font-size: 12px; vertical-align: baseline; word-break: break-word; caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);"><p style="margin: 0px 0px 1em; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1.5; font-size: 16px; vertical-align: baseline; width: 602px; height: auto;" class=""><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);" class="">The first pristine pieces of <a href="https://www.space.com/47-mars-the-red-planet-fourth-planet-from-the-sun.html" data-track-type0="click" data-index0="1" data-component0="Inline links" data-count0="20" class="hawk-link-parsed" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; text-decoration: none;"><u style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;" class="">Mars</u></a> won't be coming down to Earth for at least another decade, but the time to start preparing society for the epic arrival is now, scientists say.</span></p><p style="margin: 0px 0px 1em; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1.5; font-size: 16px; vertical-align: baseline; width: 602px; height: auto;" class=""><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);" class="">NASA's <a href="https://www.space.com/39984-mars-2020-rover.html" data-track-type0="click" data-index0="2" data-component0="Inline links" data-count0="20" class="hawk-link-parsed" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; text-decoration: none;"><u style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;" class="">2020 Mars rover</u></a> is scheduled to launch in July of this year and land inside the Red Planet's 28-mile-wide (45 kilometers) Jezero Crater next February. The six-wheeled robot will do a variety of work once it gets there, but its headline task is hunting for signs of ancient Mars life. </span></p><aside class="hawk-widget" data-render-type="fte" data-widget-type="seasonal" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-size: 16px; vertical-align: baseline; --trd-blue: #2f6e91; width: 602px; --black: #000; --white: #fff; --yellow: #ffd800; --green: #3c8d0d; --orange: #ff6f28; --red: red; --pink: #e6248a; --light-blue: #97edfc; --mid-grey: #333; --light-grey: #eaeaea; --grey: #adadad; --dark-grey: #545454; --light-mid-grey: #ccc; --prime-blue: #00aeef; --prime-green: #eaf7e9; --lighter-mid-grey: #ebebeb; --game-platform-grey: #dbddde; --amazon-orange: #ffce00; --amazon-prime-day-blue: #70b7d9; --error-red: #f33f3f; --playstation-blue: #003791; --xbox-green: #107c10; --nintendo-red: #e60012; --trd-pink: #e6248a; --trd-light-pink: #ea489d; --trd-grey: #ededed; --trd-dark-grey: #333; --trd-dark-blue: #315062; --site-color: #5aaf0b; --heading-color: #2f6e91; --tab-color: var(--trd-blue); --cc-border-color: var(--light-mid-grey); --expanded-row-color: var(--trd-blue); --expanded-row-box-shadow: 4px 4px 20px var(--expanded-row-color); --toggle-color: var(--trd-blue); --toggle-switch-color: var(--trd-blue); --editors-pick-promo-color: var(--trd-blue); --editors-pick-promo-rgba-color: rgba(47,110,145,0.3); --model-options-filter-color: var(--pink); --filter-border-color: #c1c1c1; --filter-hover-border-color: #535353; --filter-selected-hover-border-color: #666; --review-filters-border-color: var(--filter-border-color); --countdown-in-progress-color: var(--trd-pink); --rows-background-color: var(--white); --mpu-header-height: 19px; --mpu-header-background: none; --mpu-header-padding: 10px 0; --hawk-footer-background: var(--trd-grey); --hawk-footer-game-platform-border: solid 1px var(--game-platform-grey); --site-logo-width: 100%; --site-logo-max-width: none; --hawk-tab-text-color: #666; --hawk-tab-background: #d6d6d6; --review-background: var(--trd-grey); --review-rows-background: var(--white); --review-peacock-background: var(--white); --product-label-background: var(--light-grey); --product-label-text-color: var(--black); --seasonal-event-grey: #797979; --seasonal-event-dark-grey: #313131; --seasonal-event-merchants-background: var(--white); --game-platform-background: transparent; --price-widget-padding: none; --price-widget-border-bottom: none; --postcode-entry-button-color: var(--site-color); --was-price-text-color: #848484; --was-price-promo-color: #be0707; --was-price-light-promo-color: #ededed; --was-price-light-promo-text-color: #be0707; --dotw-header-border-top: 1px solid #ddd; --dotw-header-border-bottom: 4px solid #006ea9; --dotw-toggle-background-color: #1b1b1b; --dotw-search-input-border-color: #ddd; --dotw-header-background: transparent; --dotw-header-text-color: var(--black); --hover-panel-color: orange; --tv-channels-display-label-color: #696969;"></aside><p style="margin: 0px 0px 1em; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1.5; font-size: 16px; vertical-align: baseline; width: 602px; height: auto;" class=""><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);" class="">Mars 2020 will do this on the ground in Jezero, which hosted a lake and a river delta billions of years ago. The rover will also collect and cache promising samples for eventual return to Earth, where scientists in well-equipped labs around the world can scrutinize them in exacting detail for any evidence of <a href="https://www.space.com/17135-life-on-mars.html" data-track-type0="click" data-index0="3" data-component0="Inline links" data-count0="20" class="hawk-link-parsed" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; text-decoration: none;"><u style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;" class="">Martian organisms</u></a>.</span></p><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class=""><br class=""></div></div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class=""><br class=""></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></body></html>