[Spacetalk] https://www.nasa.gov/index.html; https://spaceflightnow.com

[Gabe Gabrielle]

Hi All,

 I hope everyone is doing well….time continues to go so fast….so many shared it the launch of the Perseverance mission last July…NASA had awesome ways to participate with tremendous insight through updates and links…it will  be the same with the arrival and landing…we are all still dealing with this pandemic…I don’t think many of us would have thought we would be in a worse situation than we were 10 months ago…but we are…with the vaccine now in existence and being distributed…although it seems it will be many months before it makes positive impact…the space program continues to move forward…we have to stay positive and always be thankful… remembering to do our best, enjoy everything we do, believe in ourselves, and let those we care about most know (I always say this, we all need to take it to heart) …hugs & smiles... :-) :-) STAY SAFE, TAKE CARE, Love ya, Gabe

NASA's Mars rover Perseverance lands on the Red Planet in less than a month!
By Mike Wall <https://www.space.com/author/mike-wall> a day ago
The big day is Feb. 18.

 <https://www.facebook.com/sharer/sharer.php?u=https://www.space.com/mars-rover-perseverance-landing-one-month>  <https://twitter.com/intent/tweet?text=NASA%27s%20Mars%20rover%20Perseverance%20lands%20on%20the%20Red%20Planet%20in%20less%20than%20a%20month%21&url=https://www.space.com/mars-rover-perseverance-landing-one-month>  <http://www.reddit.com/submit?url=https://www.space.com/mars-rover-perseverance-landing-one-month&title=NASA%27s%20Mars%20rover%20Perseverance%20lands%20on%20the%20Red%20Planet%20in%20less%20than%20a%20month!>  <http://pinterest.com/pin/create/button/?url=https://www.space.com/mars-rover-perseverance-landing-one-month&media=https://cdn.mos.cms.futurecdn.net/52KoNMEf6Y4CgMLp69LLbk-1200-80.jpg>  <https://share.flipboard.com/bookmarklet/popout?title=NASA%27s%20Mars%20rover%20Perseverance%20lands%20on%20the%20Red%20Planet%20in%20less%20than%20a%20month%21&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.space.com%2Fmars-rover-perseverance-landing-one-month>  <mailto:?subject=I%20found%20this%20webpage&body=Hi,%20I%20found%20this%20webpage%20and%20thought%20you%20might%20like%20it%20https://www.space.com/mars-rover-perseverance-landing-one-month>

Illustration of NASA's Perseverance rover on Mars.
(Image: © NASA/JPL-Caltech)
The touchdown of NASA's next Mars rover is less than a month away.

The car-size Perseverance rover, the core of NASA's $2.7 billion Mars 2020 mission <https://www.space.com/perseverance-mars-2020-rover.html>, will land Feb. 18, kicking off a new era of Red Planet exploration.

On that fateful day, a rocket-powered sky crane will lower Perseverance to the floor of the 28-mile-wide (45 kilometers) Jezero Crater <https://www.space.com/42754-nasa-mars-rover-2020-landing-site-video-tour.html>, which hosted a lake and a river delta billions of years ago. Over the course of its mission, Perseverance will scour Jezero for signs of ancient Mars life and collect and cache dozens of samples.
https://www.space.com/mars-rover-perseverance-landing-one-month?utm_source=Selligent&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=SDC_Newsletter&utm_content=SDC_Newsletter+&utm_term=2868862&m_i=dStwLq%2BZFIE6zzxOppkboxfo6wy2W_3NkjrKFl8iBC%2BftzKBbD_FgCXL31fK9UFGEE3_CxTrWIWJUB5O6q4FDCJqPBSgf0NLwmjAcOtddR <https://www.space.com/mars-rover-perseverance-landing-one-month?utm_source=Selligent&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=SDC_Newsletter&utm_content=SDC_Newsletter+&utm_term=2868862&m_i=dStwLq+ZFIE6zzxOppkboxfo6wy2W_3NkjrKFl8iBC+ftzKBbD_FgCXL31fK9UFGEE3_CxTrWIWJUB5O6q4FDCJqPBSgf0NLwmjAcOtddR> 



NASA's Perseverance Mars Rover <https://www.facebook.com/NASAPersevere/?__cft__[0]=AZVFv5A1NRtnfzjENoXbPuhwrlb2JHqXl9pv3eE_RAKnVDkfU0ejfIS7tYv0_1cW1BoEBMO0uwEw2T4m0u5RzmwyNXIWjjMedfot4BwJS6b-fIr6JxU-R_JIl8WO8_zhgLDIfkTLC0wbk14ExDFjsEKrITAfYm6SmUrMIntF24W2bZdv7LLZdDOGl4CrgPo2IXwKulVFFtD5B4AXEY7GLYPE&__tn__=-UC%2CP-y-R> 
30 days until I touch down on Mars. See all the ways you can participate and get ready for landing:  go.nasa.gov/2JuTsqw <http://go.nasa.gov/2JuTsqw?fbclid=IwAR2qQMaK-vEMyudzshs5PuNIkbrtQ0YMlF6oO8DT0cSSC-qi8J34aGQB87I> #CountdownToMars <https://www.facebook.com/hashtag/countdowntomars?__eep__=6&__cft__[0]=AZVFv5A1NRtnfzjENoXbPuhwrlb2JHqXl9pv3eE_RAKnVDkfU0ejfIS7tYv0_1cW1BoEBMO0uwEw2T4m0u5RzmwyNXIWjjMedfot4BwJS6b-fIr6JxU-R_JIl8WO8_zhgLDIfkTLC0wbk14ExDFjsEKrITAfYm6SmUrMIntF24W2bZdv7LLZdDOGl4CrgPo2IXwKulVFFtD5B4AXEY7GLYPE&__tn__=*NK-y-R> 

https://www.facebook.com/groups/ALPOYOUTHPROGRAM/permalink/2851673155104971/ <https://www.facebook.com/groups/ALPOYOUTHPROGRAM/permalink/2851673155104971/> 






6 Things to Know About NASA’s Mars Helicopter on Its Way to Mars




Ingenuity, a technology experiment, is preparing to attempt the first powered, controlled flight on the Red Planet. When NASA’s Perseverance rover lands on Mars on Feb. 18, 2021, it will be carrying a small but mighty passenger:  Ingenuity, the Mars Helicopter. The helicopter, which weighs about 4 pounds (1.8 kilograms) on Earth and has a fuselage about the size of a tissue box, started out six years ago as an implausible prospect. Engineers at NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Southern California knew it was theoretically possible to fly in Mars’ thin atmosphere, but no one was sure whether they could build a vehicle powerful enough to fly, communicate, and survive autonomously with the extreme restrictions on its mass. Then the team had to prove in Earthbound tests that it could fly in a Mars-like environment. Now that they’ve checked off those objectives, the team is preparing to test Ingenuity in the actual environment of Mars. “Our Mars Helicopter team has been doing things that have never been done before – that no one at the outset could be sure could even be done,” said MiMi Aung, the Ingenuity project manager at JPL “We faced many challenges along the way that could have stopped us in our tracks. We are thrilled that we are now so close to demonstrating – on Mars – what Ingenuity can really do.” 
1.NASA's Ingenuity Mars Helicopter will make history's first attempt at powered flight on another planet in February. It is riding with the agency's next mission to Mars (the Mars 2020 Perseverance rover).  Perseverance, with Ingenuity attached to its belly, will land on Mars February 18, 2021.
Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech https://youtu.be/qwdfdE6ruMw?list=PLTiv_XWHnOZpzQKYC6nLf6M9AuBbng_O8 <https://youtu.be/qwdfdE6ruMw?list=PLTiv_XWHnOZpzQKYC6nLf6M9AuBbng_O8> 
2. Mars won’t make it easy for Ingenuity to attempt the first powered, controlled flight on another planet.Because the Mars atmosphere is so thin, Ingenuity is designed to be light, with rotor blades that are much larger and spin much faster than what would be required for a helicopter of Ingenuity’s mass on Earth.The Red Planet also has beyond bone-chilling temperatures, with nights as cold as minus 130 degrees Fahrenheit (minus 90 degrees Celsius) at Jezero Crater <https://mars.nasa.gov/news/8549/nasas-mars-2020-will-hunt-for-microscopic-fossils/>, the rover and helicopter’s landing site. These temperatures will push the original design limits of the off-the-shelf parts used in Ingenuity. Tests on Earth at the predicted temperatures indicate Ingenuity’s parts should work as designed, but the team is looking forward to the real test on Mars.“Mars isn’t exactly pulling out the welcome mat,” said Tim Canham, Ingenuity’s operations lead at JPL. “One of the first things Ingenuity has to do when it gets to Mars is just survive its first night.”
3. Ingenuity relies on the Mars 2020 Perseverance mission for safe passage to Mars and for operations on the Red Planet’s surface.Ingenuity is nestled sideways <https://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA23824> under the belly of the Perseverance rover with a cover to protect it from debris kicked up during landing. Both the rover and the helicopter are safely ensconced inside a clamshell-like spacecraft entry capsule during the 293-million-mile (471-million-kilometer) journey to Mars. The power system on the Mars 2020 spacecraft periodically charges Ingenuity’s batteries on the way there.To reach the Martian surface, Ingenuity rides along with Perseverance as it lands. The rover’s entry, descent, and landing system <https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tITni_HY1Bk&list=PLTiv_XWHnOZqCrMU2ppcLjRn1zlDkNx3q&index=2> features a supersonic parachute, new “brains” for avoiding hazards autonomously <https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/news/news.php?feature=7442>, and components for the sky crane maneuver <https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/images/curiositys-sky-crane-maneuver-artists-concept/>, which lowers the rover onto Mars from a descent vehicle. Only about 50% of the attempts to land on Mars, by any space agency, have been successful. Once a suitable site to deploy the helicopter is found, the rover’s Mars Helicopter Delivery System will shed the landing cover, rotate the helicopter to a legs-down configuration, and gently drop Ingenuity <https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d5ehz7pHprk&list=PLTiv_XWHnOZpzQKYC6nLf6M9AuBbng_O8&index=13> on the surface in the first few months after landing. Throughout the helicopter’s commissioning and flight test campaign, the rover will assist with the communications back-and-forth from Earth. The rover team also plans to collect images of Ingenuity.
4. Ingenuity is smart for a small robot.Delays are an inherent part of communicating with spacecraft across interplanetary distances, which means Ingenuity’s flight controllers at JPL won’t be able to control the helicopter with a joystick. In fact, they won’t be able to look at engineering data or images from each flight until well after the flight takes place. So Ingenuity will make some of its own decisions based on parameters set by its engineers on Earth. The helicopter has a kind of programmable thermostat, for instance, that will keep it warm on Mars. During flight, Ingenuity will analyze sensor data and images of the terrain to ensure it stays on the flight path designed by project engineers. 
5. The Ingenuity team counts success one step at a time. Given Ingenuity’s experimental nature, the team has a long list of milestones the helicopter must reach before it can take off and land in the spring of 2021. The team will celebrate each milestone: Surviving the cruise to Mars and landing on the Red PlanetSafely deploying to the surface from Perseverance’s bellyAutonomously keeping warm through the intensely cold Martian nights. Autonomously charging itself with the solar panel atop its rotors. Successfully communicating to and from the helicopter via a subsystem known as the Mars Helicopter Base Station on the rover. If the first experimental flight test on another planet succeeds, the Ingenuity team will attempt more test flights.

NASA’s Mars Helicopter, Ingenuity, is set to arrive at the Red Planet on Feb. 18, 2021. Its mission: to demonstrate the first powered flight on another world. Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech
https://youtu.be/0RQWv1ybsjM?list=PLTiv_XWHnOZpzQKYC6nLf6M9AuBbng_O8 <https://youtu.be/0RQWv1ybsjM?list=PLTiv_XWHnOZpzQKYC6nLf6M9AuBbng_O8>  

6. If Ingenuity succeeds, future Mars exploration could include an ambitious aerial dimension.
Ingenuity is intended to demonstrate technologies and first-of-its-kind operations needed for flying in the Martian atmosphere. If successful, these technologies and the experience with flying a helicopter on another planet could enable other advanced robotic flying vehicles that might be part of future robotic and human missions to Mars. Possible uses of a future helicopter on Mars include offering a unique viewpoint not provided by current orbiters high overhead or by rovers and landers on the ground; high-definition images and reconnaissance for robots or humans; and access to terrain that is difficult for rovers to reach. A future helicopter could even help carry light but vital payloads from one site to another.

More About the Project
JPL, a division of Caltech in Pasadena, California, manages the Ingenuity Mars Helicopter technology demonstration for NASA. JPL also manages the Mars 2020 Perseverance project for NASA.
More on Ingenuity can be found in its online press kit: go.nasa.gov/ingenuity-press-kit <https://go.nasa.gov/ingenuity-press-kit>
A landing press kit for Perseverance can be found at: go.nasa.gov/perseverance-landing-press-kit <http://go.nasa.gov/perseverance-landing-press-kit>

 

The 'mole' on Mars will dig no more, NASA says
The heat-seeking probe won't reach its target depth.
 <https://www.facebook.com/sharer/sharer.php?u=https://www.space.com/mars-mole-heat-probe-stops-digging-nasa-insight>  <https://twitter.com/intent/tweet?text=The%20%27mole%27%20on%20Mars%20will%20dig%20no%20more%2C%20NASA%20says&url=https://www.space.com/mars-mole-heat-probe-stops-digging-nasa-insight>  <http://www.reddit.com/submit?url=https://www.space.com/mars-mole-heat-probe-stops-digging-nasa-insight&title=The%20%27mole%27%20on%20Mars%20will%20dig%20no%20more,%20NASA%20says>  <http://pinterest.com/pin/create/button/?url=https://www.space.com/mars-mole-heat-probe-stops-digging-nasa-insight&media=https://cdn.mos.cms.futurecdn.net/b8s4weaYVEAV6yuPJPRzCF-1200-80.jpg>  <https://share.flipboard.com/bookmarklet/popout?title=The%20%27mole%27%20on%20Mars%20will%20dig%20no%20more%2C%20NASA%20says&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.space.com%2Fmars-mole-heat-probe-stops-digging-nasa-insight>

After issues with breaking the Martian surface, NASA's "mole" is going into retirement. 
(Image: © IPGP/Nicolas Sarter )
A Martian "mole" will stop its valiant attempts to dig on the Red Planet.

After it landed in 2018, NASA's InSight spacecraft's heat probe, or "mole," dealt with friction problems <https://www.space.com/nasa-mars-insight-mole-underground> as investigators worked to try and learn more about the internal heat sources powering Mars. When the mole burrowed in, however, it would bounce back off of the unexpectedly hard regolith (or soil).

NASA announced <https://www.nasa.gov/feature/jpl/nasa-insight-s-mole-ends-its-journey-on-mars/> Thursday (Jan. 14) that the German Aerospace Center (DLR)-built mole would abandon its historic mission to deploy the first underground mole on Mars.

The decision was announced days after an external scientific review board — considering a routine NASA request to extend InSight's mission based on its scientific output — publicly approved the mission extension, but requested the agency pursue the mole's work at a lower priority <https://www.space.com/nasa-extends-mars-insight-and-jupiter-juno>. The review board's report also noted that InSight is likely to run out of power before its newly extended mission ends in December 2022, unless certain instruments are deprioritized.



Supernova remnant 0519-69.0 was left behind after a massive #star <https://twitter.com/hashtag/star?src=hashtag_click> exploded in a satellite galaxy to the Milky Way known as the Large Magellanic Cloud. About 30 light years across, this expanding shell of debris contains multimillion degree gas that glows brightly in X-ray light.






January 19, 2021 
MEDIA ADVISORY M21-010
NASA TV Coverage Set for January Spacewalks, Preview News Conference

NASA astronaut and Expedition 63 Commander Chris Cassidy took this epic "space-selfie" during a spacewalk this at the International Space Station on July 21, 2020.

Credits: NASA

Two NASA astronauts are scheduled to venture outside the International Space Station <https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/station/main/index.html> Wednesday, Jan. 27, and Monday, Feb. 1, for a pair of spacewalks to finish installing a European science platform and complete long-term battery upgrade work. NASA will preview the work during a news conference at 3 p.m. EST Friday, Jan. 22, from NASA’s Johnson Space Center in Houston.


Live coverage of the preview briefing and spacewalks will air on NASA Television and the agency’s website <http://www.nasa.gov/live>.


Reporters who wish to participate by telephone must call Johnson's newsroom at 281-483-5111 to RSVP no later than 5 p.m. Thursday, Jan. 21. Reporters will not be invited to attend briefings in person at NASA centers due to safety restrictions related to the ongoing coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. Those following the briefing on social media may ask questions using #AskNASA.

News conference participants will be:
Kenny Todd, deputy manager, International Space Station Program
Rick Henfling, Jan. 27 spacewalk flight director
Sarah Korona, Jan. 27 spacewalk officer
Vincent Lacourt, Feb. 1 spacewalk flight director
Sandy Fletcher, Feb. 1 spacewalk officer
NASA Television and the agency’s website <https://www.nasa.gov/nasalive> will broadcast the spacewalks with live coverage beginning at 5:30 a.m. on the day of each spacewalk. The spacewalks will begin about 7 a.m. and will last about six and a half hours.
NASA Flight Engineers Michael Hopkins and Victor Glover, who flew to the space station <https://www.nasa.gov/press-release/nasa-s-spacex-crew-1-astronauts-headed-to-international-space-station/> aboard the SpaceX Crew Dragon Resilience spacecraft, will conduct both spacewalks, which will be the 233rd and 234th in support of space station assembly, maintenance, and upgrades.
The Jan. 27 spacewalk will focus on completing cable and antenna rigging for the “Bartolomeo” science payloads platform outside the ESA (European Space Agency) Columbus module. The duo also will configure a Ka-band terminal that will enable an independent, high-bandwidth communication link to European ground stations. After completing the upgrades on the Columbus module, Hopkins and Glover will remove a grapple fixture bracket on the far port (left) truss in preparation for future power system upgrades.
The Feb. 1 spacewalk will address a variety of tasks, including installation of a final lithium-ion battery adapter plate on the port 4 (P4) truss that will wrap up battery replacement work begun in January 2017. Hopkins and Glover will remove another grapple fixture bracket on the same truss segment, replace an external camera on the starboard truss, install a new high-definition camera on the Destiny laboratory, and replace components for the Japanese robotic arm’s camera system outside the Kibo module.
Hopkins will be extravehicular crew member 1 (EV 1) for both spacewalks, wearing a spacesuit with red stripes, and Glover will be extravehicular crew member 2 (EV 2), wearing a spacesuit with no stripes. These will be the third and fourth spacewalks in Hopkins’ career, and the first and second for Glover.
These two spacewalks are scheduled to be followed by two additional spacewalks in the near future. During the third spacewalk, Glover and NASA astronaut Kate Rubins will work outside the station to prepare its power system for the installation of new solar arrays <https://www.nasa.gov/feature/new-solar-arrays-to-power-nasa-s-international-space-station-research/> to augment the station’s existing power supply. For the fourth spacewalk, Rubins and Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) astronaut Soichi Noguchi will continue upgrading station components. Another briefing will be scheduled to preview the next two spacewalks after the dates are set.
For more than 20 years <http://www.nasa.gov/station20>, humans have lived and worked continuously aboard the International Space Station, advancing scientific knowledge and demonstrating new technologies, making research breakthroughs not possible on Earth that will enable long-duration human and robotic exploration into deep space. As a global endeavor, 242 people from 19 countries have visited the unique microgravity laboratory that has hosted more than 3,000 research investigations from researchers in 108 countries and areas.
For more information about the International Space Station, its research, and crew, visit:
http://www.nasa.gov/station <http://www.nasa.gov/station> 

Hydraulic system issue triggered early engine shutdown during SLS test-firing


An exhaust plume erupts from the B-2 test stand during a test-firing of the Space Launch System core stage Jan. 16. Credit: NASA/Robert Markowitz
NASA officials said Tuesday the weekend test-firing of the Space Launch System moon rocket’s core stage was cut short by an out-of-limits parameter in a hydraulic system for gimbaling, or vectoring, one of its engines.

NASA Administrator Jim Bridenstine said engineers are “feeling pretty good” about the data gathered during the shortened test-firing, and managers may decide to ship the SLS core stage to the Kennedy Space Center for launch preparations without re-attempting the planned eight-minute hot fire.

“We are still kind of in a position where may not have to do another hot fire,” Bridenstine told Spaceflight Now in an interview Monday. “We might be able to take the rocket down to Kennedy and get it ready for launch. That decision has not been made. We don’t know.”

If NASA officials opt to conclude testing of the SLS core stage at Stennis and ship it by barge to Kennedy, it might preserve a chance to launch the first SLS test flight before the end of the year. The schedule was already tight before the hot fire test Saturday, but program managers said last week there was a path to launching the SLS test flight this year.

The Space Launch System is a major piece of NASA’s Artemis program, which aims to return astronauts to the moon for the first time since 1972.

The SLS will launch NASA’s Orion crew capsule to send astronauts to the vicinity of the moon. NASA plans to construct a mini-space station to serve as a research outpost and waypoint for crews traveling between Earth and the lunar surface. The Orion spacecraft will link up with a descent craft in lunar orbit, where astronauts will float into the lander to head for the moon’s surface.

The first test flight of the SLS, known as Artemis 1, will send an unpiloted Orion crew capsule into lunar orbit on a mission lasting several weeks. The Orion spacecraft will come back to Earth for a splashdown in the Pacific Ocean, setting the stage for the first crewed SLS/Orion mission to the moon around 2023.

“The question is did we get enough data from what we just did to make people comfortable that we can go forward with the launch,” Bridenstine said. “Remember, the first launch is uncrewed, so we can accept some risk here that we wouldn’t normally accept.

“But we also have to remember that if something goes wrong, it sets us back significantly,” he said. “There are a lot of decisions in front of us.”

Wayne Hale, a former space shuttle program manager and current member of the NASA Advisory Council, tweeted he believes teams should proceed with a second hot fire test.

“Getting some more data on last weekend’s SLS hotfire test,” Hale wrote Tuesday. “Limits were set to conservatively protect hardware and cut the test off early. No damage to core stage or engines. My advice would be to retest and get complete data – may be a couple of weeks but schedule is secondary.”


The Space Launch System’s four RS-25 engines fire during an abbreviated Green Run test Saturday. Credit: NASA

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